Pertanyaan yang diberi tag normalization

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Normalisasi sebelum validasi silang

Apakah data normalisasi (memiliki nol rata-rata dan standar deviasi kesatuan) sebelum melakukan validasi silang k-fold berulang-ulang memiliki konsekuensi negatif seperti overfitting? Catatan: ini untuk situasi di mana #cases> total #features Saya mengubah beberapa data saya menggunakan...

cross-validation normalization
12
Bagaimana cara melakukan imputasi nilai dalam jumlah poin data yang sangat besar?

Saya memiliki dataset yang sangat besar dan sekitar 5% nilai acak hilang. Variabel-variabel ini berkorelasi satu sama lain. Contoh berikut dataset R hanyalah contoh mainan dengan data berkorelasi dummy. set.seed(123) # matrix of X variable xmat <- matrix(sample(-1:1, 2000000, replace = TRUE),...

r random-forest missing-data data-imputation multiple-imputation large-data definition moving-window self-study categorical-data econometrics standard-error regression-coefficients normal-distribution pdf lognormal regression python scikit-learn interpolation r self-study poisson-distribution chi-squared matlab matrix r modeling multinomial mlogit choice monte-carlo indicator-function r aic garch likelihood r regression repeated-measures simulation multilevel-analysis chi-squared expected-value multinomial yates-correction classification regression self-study repeated-measures references residuals confidence-interval bootstrap normality-assumption resampling entropy cauchy clustering k-means r clustering categorical-data continuous-data r hypothesis-testing nonparametric probability bayesian pdf distributions exponential repeated-measures random-effects-model non-independent regression error regression-to-the-mean correlation group-differences post-hoc neural-networks r time-series t-test p-value normalization probability moments mgf time-series model seasonality r anova generalized-linear-model proportion percentage nonparametric ranks weighted-regression variogram classification neural-networks fuzzy variance dimensionality-reduction confidence-interval proportion z-test r self-study pdf
11
R / mgcv: Mengapa produk tensor () dan ti () menghasilkan permukaan yang berbeda?

The mgcvpaket untuk Rmemiliki dua fungsi untuk pas interaksi produk tensor: te()dan ti(). Saya memahami pembagian kerja dasar antara keduanya (menyesuaikan interaksi non-linear vs menguraikan interaksi ini menjadi efek utama dan interaksi). Yang tidak saya mengerti adalah mengapa te(x1, x2)dan...

r gam mgcv conditional-probability mixed-model references bayesian estimation conditional-probability machine-learning optimization gradient-descent r hypothesis-testing wilcoxon-mann-whitney time-series bayesian inference change-point time-series anova repeated-measures statistical-significance bayesian contingency-tables regression prediction quantiles classification auc k-means scikit-learn regression spatial circular-statistics t-test effect-size cohens-d r cross-validation feature-selection caret machine-learning modeling python optimization frequentist correlation sample-size normalization group-differences heteroscedasticity independence generalized-least-squares lme4-nlme references mcmc metropolis-hastings optimization r logistic feature-selection separation clustering k-means normal-distribution gaussian-mixture kullback-leibler java spark-mllib data-visualization categorical-data barplot hypothesis-testing statistical-significance chi-squared type-i-and-ii-errors pca scikit-learn conditional-expectation statistical-significance meta-analysis intuition r time-series multivariate-analysis garch machine-learning classification data-mining missing-data cart regression cross-validation matrix-decomposition categorical-data repeated-measures chi-squared assumptions contingency-tables prediction binary-data trend test-for-trend matrix-inverse anova categorical-data regression-coefficients standard-error r distributions exponential interarrival-time copula log-likelihood time-series forecasting prediction-interval mean standard-error meta-analysis meta-regression network-meta-analysis systematic-review normal-distribution multiple-regression generalized-linear-model poisson-distribution poisson-regression r sas cohens-kappa
10
Nilai variabel tersembunyi regresi linear R "bernilai"

Ini hanya contoh yang saya temui beberapa kali, jadi saya tidak punya data sampel. Menjalankan model regresi linier di R: a.lm = lm(Y ~ x1 + x2) x1adalah variabel kontinu. x2bersifat kategorikal dan memiliki tiga nilai, mis. "Rendah", "Sedang" dan "Tinggi". Namun output yang diberikan oleh R akan...

r regression categorical-data regression-coefficients categorical-encoding machine-learning random-forest anova spss r self-study bootstrap monte-carlo r multiple-regression partitioning neural-networks normalization machine-learning svm kernel-trick self-study survival cox-model repeated-measures survey likert correlation variance sampling meta-analysis anova independence sample assumptions bayesian covariance r regression time-series mathematical-statistics graphical-model machine-learning linear-model kernel-trick linear-algebra self-study moments function correlation spss probability confidence-interval sampling mean population r generalized-linear-model prediction offset data-visualization clustering sas cart binning sas logistic causality regression self-study standard-error r distributions r regression time-series multiple-regression python chi-squared independence sample clustering data-mining rapidminer probability stochastic-processes clustering binary-data dimensionality-reduction svd correspondence-analysis data-visualization excel c# hypothesis-testing econometrics survey rating composite regression least-squares mcmc markov-process kullback-leibler convergence predictive-models r regression anova confidence-interval survival cox-model hazard normal-distribution autoregressive mixed-model r mixed-model sas hypothesis-testing mediation interaction
9
Bootstrap parametrik, semiparametrik, dan nonparametrik untuk model campuran

Cangkok berikut diambil dari artikel ini . Saya pemula untuk bootstrap dan mencoba mengimplementasikan bootstrap parametrik, semiparametrik, dan nonparametrik untuk model campuran linier dengan R bootpaket. Kode R Ini Rkode saya : library(SASmixed) library(lme4) library(boot) fm1Cult...

r mixed-model bootstrap central-limit-theorem stable-distribution time-series hypothesis-testing markov-process r correlation categorical-data association-measure meta-analysis r anova confidence-interval lm r bayesian multilevel-analysis logit regression logistic least-squares eda regression notation distributions random-variable expected-value distributions markov-process hidden-markov-model r variance group-differences microarray r descriptive-statistics machine-learning references r regression r categorical-data random-forest data-transformation data-visualization interactive-visualization binomial beta-distribution time-series forecasting logistic arima beta-regression r time-series seasonality large-data unevenly-spaced-time-series correlation statistical-significance normalization population group-differences demography