Pertanyaan yang diberi tag errors-in-variables

29
Cara menangani data hierarkis / bersarang dalam pembelajaran mesin

Saya akan menjelaskan masalah saya dengan sebuah contoh. Misalkan Anda ingin memprediksi penghasilan seseorang yang diberikan beberapa atribut: {Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Negara, Wilayah, Kota}. Anda memiliki dataset pelatihan seperti itu train <- data.frame(CountryID=c(1,1,1,1, 2,2,2,2, 3,3,3,3),...

regression machine-learning multilevel-analysis correlation dataset spatial paired-comparisons cross-correlation clustering aic bic dependent-variable k-means mean standard-error measurement-error errors-in-variables regression multiple-regression pca linear-model dimensionality-reduction machine-learning neural-networks deep-learning conv-neural-network computer-vision clustering spss r weighted-data wilcoxon-signed-rank bayesian hierarchical-bayesian bugs stan distributions categorical-data variance ecology r survival regression r-squared descriptive-statistics cross-section maximum-likelihood factor-analysis likert r multiple-imputation propensity-scores distributions t-test logit probit z-test confidence-interval poisson-distribution deep-learning conv-neural-network residual-networks r survey wilcoxon-mann-whitney ranking kruskal-wallis bias loss-functions frequentist decision-theory risk machine-learning distributions normal-distribution multivariate-analysis inference dataset factor-analysis survey multilevel-analysis clinical-trials
15
Apa intuisi di balik sampel yang dapat ditukar di bawah hipotesis nol?

Tes permutasi (juga disebut tes pengacakan, uji pengacakan ulang, atau tes yang tepat) sangat berguna dan berguna ketika asumsi distribusi normal yang diperlukan misalnya, t-testtidak terpenuhi dan ketika transformasi nilai dengan peringkat dari tes non-parametrik seperti Mann-Whitney-U-testakan...

hypothesis-testing permutation-test exchangeability r statistical-significance loess data-visualization normal-distribution pdf ggplot2 kernel-smoothing probability self-study expected-value normal-distribution prior correlation time-series regression heteroscedasticity estimation estimators fisher-information data-visualization repeated-measures binary-data panel-data mathematical-statistics coefficient-of-variation normal-distribution order-statistics regression machine-learning one-class probability estimators forecasting prediction validation finance measurement-error variance mean spatial monte-carlo data-visualization boxplot sampling uniform chi-squared goodness-of-fit probability mixture theory gaussian-mixture regression statistical-significance p-value bootstrap regression multicollinearity correlation r poisson-distribution survival regression categorical-data ordinal-data ordered-logit regression interaction time-series machine-learning forecasting cross-validation binomial multiple-comparisons simulation false-discovery-rate r clustering frequency wilcoxon-mann-whitney wilcoxon-signed-rank r svm t-test missing-data excel r numerical-integration r random-variable lme4-nlme mixed-model weighted-regression power-law errors-in-variables machine-learning classification entropy information-theory mutual-information