Bisakah Selenium berinteraksi dengan sesi browser yang ada?

Adakah yang tahu jika Selenium (sebaiknya WebDriver) dapat berkomunikasi dan bertindak melalui browser yang sudah berjalan sebelum meluncurkan Selenium Client?

Maksud saya jika Selenium dapat berkomunikasi dengan browser tanpa menggunakan Server Selenium (dengan dapat berupa Internet Explorer diluncurkan secara manual misalnya).

Ini adalah permintaan fitur yang cukup lama: Izinkan webdriver melampirkan ke browser yang sedang berjalan . Jadi secara resmi tidak didukung.

Namun, ada beberapa kode yang berfungsi yang mengklaim mendukung ini: https://web.archive.org/web/20171214043703/http://tarunlalwani.com/post/reusing-existing-browser-session-selenium-java/ .

Ini adalah jawaban duplikat ** Hubungkan kembali ke driver dengan python selenium ** Ini berlaku pada semua driver dan untuk java api.

1. buka driver

driver = webdriver.Firefox()  #python

2. ekstrak ke session_id dan _url dari objek driver.

url = driver.command_executor._url       #"http://127.0.0.1:60622/hub"
session_id = driver.session_id            #'4e167f26-dc1d-4f51-a207-f761eaf73c31'

3. Gunakan dua parameter ini untuk terhubung ke driver Anda.

driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor=url,desired_capabilities={})
driver.close()   # this prevents the dummy browser
driver.session_id = session_id

Dan Anda terhubung ke driver Anda lagi.

driver.get("http://www.mrsmart.in")

Cuplikan ini berhasil memungkinkan untuk menggunakan kembali browser yang ada, namun tetap menghindari peningkatan browser duplikat. Ditemukan di blog Tarun Lalwani .

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver import WebDriver

# executor_url = driver.command_executor._url
# session_id = driver.session_id

def attach_to_session(executor_url, session_id):
    original_execute = WebDriver.execute
    def new_command_execute(self, command, params=None):
        if command == "newSession":
            # Mock the response
            return {'success': 0, 'value': None, 'sessionId': session_id}
        else:
            return original_execute(self, command, params)
    # Patch the function before creating the driver object
    WebDriver.execute = new_command_execute
    driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor=executor_url, desired_capabilities={})
    driver.session_id = session_id
    # Replace the patched function with original function
    WebDriver.execute = original_execute
    return driver

bro = attach_to_session('http://127.0.0.1:64092', '8de24f3bfbec01ba0d82a7946df1d1c3')
bro.get('http://ya.ru/')

Itu mungkin. Tetapi Anda harus meretasnya sedikit, ada kode Yang harus Anda lakukan adalah menjalankan server yang berdiri sendiri dan "menambal" RemoteWebDriver

public class CustomRemoteWebDriver : RemoteWebDriver
{
    public static bool newSession;
    public static string capPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "TestFiles", "tmp", "sessionCap");
    public static string sessiodIdPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "TestFiles", "tmp", "sessionid");

    public CustomRemoteWebDriver(Uri remoteAddress) 
        : base(remoteAddress, new DesiredCapabilities())
    {
    }

    protected override Response Execute(DriverCommand driverCommandToExecute, Dictionary<string, object> parameters)
    {
        if (driverCommandToExecute == DriverCommand.NewSession)
        {
            if (!newSession)
            {
                var capText = File.ReadAllText(capPath);
                var sidText = File.ReadAllText(sessiodIdPath);

                var cap = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, object>>(capText);
                return new Response
                {
                    SessionId = sidText,
                    Value = cap
                };
            }
            else
            {
                var response = base.Execute(driverCommandToExecute, parameters);
                var dictionary = (Dictionary<string, object>) response.Value;
                File.WriteAllText(capPath, JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dictionary));
                File.WriteAllText(sessiodIdPath, response.SessionId);
                return response;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            var response = base.Execute(driverCommandToExecute, parameters);
            return response;
        }
    }
}

Tampaknya fitur ini tidak didukung secara resmi oleh selenium. Namun, Tarun Lalwani telah membuat kode Java yang berfungsi untuk menyediakan fitur tersebut. Lihat - http://tarunlalwani.com/post/reusing-existing-browser-session-selenium-java/

Berikut adalah kode contoh yang berfungsi, disalin dari tautan di atas:

public static RemoteWebDriver createDriverFromSession(final SessionId sessionId, URL command_executor){
    CommandExecutor executor = new HttpCommandExecutor(command_executor) {

    @Override
    public Response execute(Command command) throws IOException {
        Response response = null;
        if (command.getName() == "newSession") {
            response = new Response();
            response.setSessionId(sessionId.toString());
            response.setStatus(0);
            response.setValue(Collections.<String, String>emptyMap());

            try {
                Field commandCodec = null;
                commandCodec = this.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("commandCodec");
                commandCodec.setAccessible(true);
                commandCodec.set(this, new W3CHttpCommandCodec());

                Field responseCodec = null;
                responseCodec = this.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("responseCodec");
                responseCodec.setAccessible(true);
                responseCodec.set(this, new W3CHttpResponseCodec());
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        } else {
            response = super.execute(command);
        }
        return response;
    }
    };

    return new RemoteWebDriver(executor, new DesiredCapabilities());
}

public static void main(String [] args) {

    ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    HttpCommandExecutor executor = (HttpCommandExecutor) driver.getCommandExecutor();
    URL url = executor.getAddressOfRemoteServer();
    SessionId session_id = driver.getSessionId();


    RemoteWebDriver driver2 = createDriverFromSession(session_id, url);
    driver2.get("http://tarunlalwani.com");
}

Pengujian Anda harus memiliki RemoteWebDriver yang dibuat dari sesi browser yang ada. Untuk membuat Driver itu, Anda hanya perlu mengetahui "info sesi", yaitu alamat server (lokal dalam kasus kami) tempat browser berjalan dan id sesi browser. Untuk mendapatkan detail ini, kita dapat membuat satu sesi browser dengan selenium, membuka halaman yang diinginkan, dan akhirnya menjalankan script pengujian yang sebenarnya.

Saya tidak tahu apakah ada cara untuk mendapatkan info sesi untuk sesi yang tidak dibuat oleh selenium.

Berikut adalah contoh info sesi:

Alamat server jarak jauh: http: // localhost: 24266 . Nomor port berbeda untuk setiap sesi. ID Sesi: 534c7b561aacdd6dc319f60fed27d9d6.

Terinspirasi oleh jawaban Eric, inilah solusi saya untuk masalah ini untuk selenium 3.7.0. Dibandingkan dengan solusi di http://tarunlalwani.com/post/reusing-existing-browser-session-selenium/ , keuntungannya adalah tidak akan ada jendela browser kosong setiap kali saya terhubung ke sesi yang ada.

import warnings

from selenium.common.exceptions import WebDriverException
from selenium.webdriver.remote.errorhandler import ErrorHandler
from selenium.webdriver.remote.file_detector import LocalFileDetector
from selenium.webdriver.remote.mobile import Mobile
from selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection import RemoteConnection
from selenium.webdriver.remote.switch_to import SwitchTo
from selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver import WebDriver


# This webdriver can directly attach to an existing session.
class AttachableWebDriver(WebDriver):
    def __init__(self, command_executor='http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub',
                 desired_capabilities=None, browser_profile=None, proxy=None,
                 keep_alive=False, file_detector=None, session_id=None):
        """
        Create a new driver that will issue commands using the wire protocol.

        :Args:
         - command_executor - Either a string representing URL of the remote server or a custom
             remote_connection.RemoteConnection object. Defaults to 'http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub'.
         - desired_capabilities - A dictionary of capabilities to request when
             starting the browser session. Required parameter.
         - browser_profile - A selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_profile.FirefoxProfile object.
             Only used if Firefox is requested. Optional.
         - proxy - A selenium.webdriver.common.proxy.Proxy object. The browser session will
             be started with given proxy settings, if possible. Optional.
         - keep_alive - Whether to configure remote_connection.RemoteConnection to use
             HTTP keep-alive. Defaults to False.
         - file_detector - Pass custom file detector object during instantiation. If None,
             then default LocalFileDetector() will be used.
        """
        if desired_capabilities is None:
            raise WebDriverException("Desired Capabilities can't be None")
        if not isinstance(desired_capabilities, dict):
            raise WebDriverException("Desired Capabilities must be a dictionary")
        if proxy is not None:
            warnings.warn("Please use FirefoxOptions to set proxy",
                          DeprecationWarning)
            proxy.add_to_capabilities(desired_capabilities)
        self.command_executor = command_executor
        if type(self.command_executor) is bytes or isinstance(self.command_executor, str):
            self.command_executor = RemoteConnection(command_executor, keep_alive=keep_alive)

        self.command_executor._commands['GET_SESSION'] = ('GET', '/session/$sessionId')  # added

        self._is_remote = True
        self.session_id = session_id  # added
        self.capabilities = {}
        self.error_handler = ErrorHandler()
        self.start_client()
        if browser_profile is not None:
            warnings.warn("Please use FirefoxOptions to set browser profile",
                          DeprecationWarning)

        if session_id:
            self.connect_to_session(desired_capabilities)  # added
        else:
            self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)

        self._switch_to = SwitchTo(self)
        self._mobile = Mobile(self)
        self.file_detector = file_detector or LocalFileDetector()

        self.w3c = True  # added hardcoded

    def connect_to_session(self, desired_capabilities):
        response = self.execute('GET_SESSION', {
            'desiredCapabilities': desired_capabilities,
            'sessionId': self.session_id,
        })
        # self.session_id = response['sessionId']
        self.capabilities = response['value']

Untuk menggunakannya:

if use_existing_session:
    browser = AttachableWebDriver(command_executor=('http://%s:4444/wd/hub' % ip),
                                  desired_capabilities=(DesiredCapabilities.INTERNETEXPLORER),
                                  session_id=session_id)
    self.logger.info("Using existing browser with session id {}".format(session_id))
else:
    browser = AttachableWebDriver(command_executor=('http://%s:4444/wd/hub' % ip),
                                  desired_capabilities=(DesiredCapabilities.INTERNETEXPLORER))
    self.logger.info('New session_id  : {}'.format(browser.session_id))

Semua solusi sejauh ini kurang memiliki fungsi tertentu. Inilah solusi saya:

public class AttachedWebDriver extends RemoteWebDriver {

    public AttachedWebDriver(URL url, String sessionId) {
        super();
        setSessionId(sessionId);
        setCommandExecutor(new HttpCommandExecutor(url) {
            @Override
            public Response execute(Command command) throws IOException {
                if (command.getName() != "newSession") {
                    return super.execute(command);
                }
                return super.execute(new Command(getSessionId(), "getCapabilities"));
            }
        });
        startSession(new DesiredCapabilities());
    }
}

Solusi Javascript:

Saya berhasil melampirkan ke sesi browser yang ada menggunakan fungsi ini

webdriver.WebDriver.attachToSession(executor, session_id);

Dokumentasi dapat ditemukan di sini .

Saya mendapat solusi dengan python, saya memodifikasi kelas webdriver berdasarkan kelas PersistenBrowser yang saya temukan.

https://github.com/axelPalmerin/personal/commit/fabddb38a39f378aa113b0cb8d33391d5f91dca5

ganti modul webdriver /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py

Ej. menggunakan:

from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

runDriver = sys.argv[1]
sessionId = sys.argv[2]

def setBrowser():
    if eval(runDriver):
        webdriver = w.Remote(command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',
                     desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.CHROME,
                     )
    else:
        webdriver = w.Remote(command_executor='http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',
                             desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.CHROME,
                             session_id=sessionId)

    url = webdriver.command_executor._url
    session_id = webdriver.session_id
    print url
    print session_id
    return webdriver

Saya menggunakan Rails + Cucumber + Selenium Webdriver + PhantomJS, dan saya telah menggunakan versi Selenium Webdriver yang di-patch, yang membuat browser PhantomJS tetap terbuka di antara pengujian. Lihat entri blog ini: http://blog.sharetribe.com/2014/04/07/faster-cucumber-startup-keep-phantomjs-browser-open-between-tests/

Lihat juga jawaban saya untuk posting ini: Bagaimana cara menjalankan perintah pada browser yang sudah dibuka dari file ruby

Ini cukup mudah menggunakan selenium-webdriverklien JavaScript :

Pertama, pastikan Anda menjalankan server WebDriver. Misalnya, unduh ChromeDriver , lalu jalankanchromedriver --port=9515 .

Kedua, buat driver seperti ini :

var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
   .withCapabilities(webdriver.Capabilities.chrome())
   .usingServer('http://localhost:9515')  // <- this
   .build();

Berikut contoh lengkapnya:

var webdriver = membutuhkan ('selenium-webdriver');

var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
   .withCapabilities(webdriver.Capabilities.chrome())
   .usingServer('http://localhost:9515')
   .build();

driver.get('http://www.google.com');
driver.findElement(webdriver.By.name('q')).sendKeys('webdriver');
driver.findElement(webdriver.By.name('btnG')).click();
driver.getTitle().then(function(title) {
   console.log(title);
 });

driver.quit();