Bagaimana Anda memvalidasi URL dengan ekspresi reguler dengan Python?

99

Saya sedang membuat aplikasi di Google App Engine. Saya sangat baru mengenal Python dan telah mengatasi masalah berikut selama 3 hari terakhir.

Saya memiliki kelas untuk mewakili RSS Feed dan di kelas ini saya memiliki metode yang disebut setUrl. Masukan untuk metode ini adalah URL.

Saya mencoba menggunakan modul re python untuk memvalidasi RFC 3986 Reg-ex ( http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt )

Di bawah ini adalah potongan yang seharusnya berfungsi?

p = re.compile('^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?')
m = p.match(url)
if m:
  self.url = url
  return url
python regex google-app-engine Zee Spencer
sumber
1
Ahhh, Luar biasa. Saya bahkan sekarang modul urlparse bahkan tidak ada! Terima kasih semua!
Zee Spencer
urlparsemodul diubah namanya menjadi urllib.parsePython 3. Periksa docs.python.org/3.7/library/…
manasouza

Jawaban:

151

Cara mudah untuk mengurai (dan memvalidasi) URL adalah modulurlparse ( py2 , py3 ).

Regex terlalu merepotkan.

Tidak ada metode "validasi" karena hampir semua adalah URL yang valid. Ada beberapa aturan tanda baca untuk memisahkannya. Tanpa tanda baca apa pun, Anda masih memiliki URL yang valid.

Periksa RFC dengan cermat dan lihat apakah Anda dapat membuat URL yang "tidak valid". Aturannya sangat fleksibel.

Contohnya :::::adalah URL yang valid. Jalannya adalah ":::::". Nama file yang cukup bodoh, tetapi nama file yang valid.

Juga, /////merupakan URL yang valid. Netloc ("hostname") adalah "". Jalannya adalah "///". Sekali lagi, bodoh. Juga valid. URL ini menormalkan "///"mana yang setara.

Sesuatu seperti "bad://///worse/////"itu sangat valid. Bodoh tapi valid.

Intinya . Parse, dan lihat potongannya untuk melihat apakah ada yang tidak menyenangkan.

Apakah Anda ingin skema selalu "http"? Apakah Anda ingin netloc selalu menjadi "www.somename.somedomain"? Apakah Anda ingin jalur terlihat seperti unix? Atau seperti jendela? Apakah Anda ingin menghapus string kueri? Atau melestarikannya?

Ini bukan validasi yang ditentukan RFC. Ini adalah validasi unik untuk aplikasi Anda.

S. Lott
sumber
5
di mana metode validate () di urlparse?
wsorenson
6
Pertanyaannya "apakah itu valid?" tidak mudah dijawab karena hampir semua string adalah URL yang valid. Jika hasil parsing memberi Anda netloc atau jalur yang tidak Anda sukai, Anda bisa menyebutnya "tidak valid".
S. Lott
2
Sebuah regex saja mungkin terlalu banyak pekerjaan, tetapi untuk hampir semua kasus penggunaan, penggunaan urlparsekebutuhan harus ditambah dengan regex untuk memvalidasi netloc (atau bagian lain) terhadap standar tertentu.
Jonathan Vanasco
Jonathan benar. Saya setuju bahwa validasi tidak mudah, tetapi urlparse tidak melakukan validasi nol. Ada berbagai macam string yang sangat tidak valid yang urlparse dengan senang hati berpura-pura mengurai. seperti "::::::::::" yang akan ditolak oleh semua browser. Tentunya ada lib yang lebih baik di luar sana untuk memeriksa beberapa persyaratan dasar URL.
Swarf
Saya harus setuju dengan @Swarf karena bahkan urlparse({})ketika input bahkan bukan string berhasil tanpa kesalahan yang terlihat
RubenLaguna
233

Berikut regexp lengkap untuk mengurai URL.

(?:http://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.
)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)
){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?)(?:/(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F
\d]{2}))|[;:@&=])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{
2}))|[;:@&=])*))*)(?:\?(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{
2}))|[;:@&=])*))?)?)|(?:ftp://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?
:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;?&=])*)(?::(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-
fA-F\d]{2}))|[;?&=])*))?@)?(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-
)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?
:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?))(?:/(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!
*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&=])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'()
,]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&=])*))*)(?:;type=[AIDaid])?)?)|(?:news:(?:
(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;/?:&=])+@(?:(?:(
?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[
a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3})))|(?:[a-zA-Z](
?:[a-zA-Z\d]|[_.+-])*)|\*))|(?:nntp://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[
a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d
])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?)/(?:[a-zA-Z](?:[a-zA-Z
\d]|[_.+-])*)(?:/(?:\d+))?)|(?:telnet://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+
!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;?&=])*)(?::(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'()
,]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;?&=])*))?@)?(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a
-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d]
)?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?))/?)|(?:gopher://(?:(?:
(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:
(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+
))?)(?:/(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),;/?:@&=]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))(?:(?:(?:[
a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),;/?:@&=]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*)(?:%09(?:(?:(?:[a-zA
-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;:@&=])*)(?:%09(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$
\-_.+!*'(),;/?:@&=]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*))?)?)?)?)|(?:wais://(?:(?:(?:
(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:
[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?
)/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*)(?:(?:/(?:(?:[a-zA
-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*)/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(
?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*))|\?(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]
{2}))|[;:@&=])*))?)|(?:mailto:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),;/?:@&=]|(?:%
[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+))|(?:file://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]
|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:
(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))|localhost)?/(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'()
,]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&=])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(
?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&=])*))*))|(?:prospero://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z
\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)
*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?)/(?:(?:(?:(?
:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&=])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-
zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&=])*))*)(?:(?:;(?:(?:(?:[
a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&])*)=(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d
$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[?:@&])*)))*)|(?:ldap://(?:(?:(?:(?:
(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:
[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?
))?/(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|%(?:3\d|[46][a-fA-F\d]|[57][Aa\d])
)|(?:%20))+|(?:OID|oid)\.(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+))*))(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%2
0)*)=(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*))?(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F
\d]{2}))*))(?:(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)\+(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)(?:(?:(?
:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|%(?:3\d|[46][a-fA-F\d]|[57][Aa\d]))|(?:%20))+|(?:OID
|oid)\.(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+))*))(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)=(?:(?:%0[Aa])
?(?:%20)*))?(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*)))*)(?:(
?:(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)(?:[;,])(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*))(?:(?:(?:(?:(
?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|%(?:3\d|[46][a-fA-F\d]|[57][Aa\d]))|(?:%20))+|(?:OID|o
id)\.(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+))*))(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)=(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(
?:%20)*))?(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*))(?:(?:(?:
%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)\+(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|%(
?:3\d|[46][a-fA-F\d]|[57][Aa\d]))|(?:%20))+|(?:OID|oid)\.(?:(?:\d+)(?:
\.(?:\d+))*))(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*)=(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*))?(?:(?:[a
-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))*)))*))*(?:(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%2
0)*)(?:[;,])(?:(?:%0[Aa])?(?:%20)*))?)(?:\?(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+
!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+)(?:,(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-f
A-F\d]{2}))+))*)?)(?:\?(?:base|one|sub)(?:\?(?:((?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(
),;/?:@&=]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+)))?)?)?)|(?:(?:z39\.50[rs])://(?:(?:(?
:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?
:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))
?)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+)(?:\+(?:(?:
[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+))*(?:\?(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_
.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+))?)?(?:;esn=(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),
]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+))?(?:;rs=(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA
-F\d]{2}))+)(?:\+(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))+))*)
?))|(?:cid:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;?:@&=
])*))|(?:mid:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;?:@
&=])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[;?:@&=]
)*))?)|(?:vemmi://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z
\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\
.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a
-fA-F\d]{2}))|[/?:@&=])*)(?:(?:;(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a
-fA-F\d]{2}))|[/?:@&])*)=(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d
]{2}))|[/?:@&])*))*))?)|(?:imap://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+
!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[&=~])+)(?:(?:;[Aa][Uu][Tt][Hh]=(?:\*|(?:(
?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[&=~])+))))?)|(?:(?:;[
Aa][Uu][Tt][Hh]=(?:\*|(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2
}))|[&=~])+)))(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[
&=~])+))?))@)?(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])
?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:\.(?:
\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?))/(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:
%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[&=~:@/])+)?;[Tt][Yy][Pp][Ee]=(?:[Ll](?:[Ii][Ss][Tt]|
[Ss][Uu][Bb])))|(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))
|[&=~:@/])+)(?:\?(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[
&=~:@/])+))?(?:(?:;[Uu][Ii][Dd][Vv][Aa][Ll][Ii][Dd][Ii][Tt][Yy]=(?:[1-
9]\d*)))?)|(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[&=~
:@/])+)(?:(?:;[Uu][Ii][Dd][Vv][Aa][Ll][Ii][Dd][Ii][Tt][Yy]=(?:[1-9]\d*
)))?(?:/;[Uu][Ii][Dd]=(?:[1-9]\d*))(?:(?:/;[Ss][Ee][Cc][Tt][Ii][Oo][Nn
]=(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d$\-_.+!*'(),]|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2}))|[&=~:@/])+)))?))
)?)|(?:nfs:(?:(?://(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-
Z\d])?)\.)*(?:[a-zA-Z](?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d]|-)*[a-zA-Z\d])?))|(?:(?:\d+)(?:
\.(?:\d+)){3}))(?::(?:\d+))?)(?:(?:/(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d\$\-_.!~*'
(),])|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2})|[:@&=+])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d\$\-_.!~*'(),
])|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2})|[:@&=+])*))*)?)))?)|(?:/(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d
\$\-_.!~*'(),])|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2})|[:@&=+])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d\$\
-_.!~*'(),])|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2})|[:@&=+])*))*)?))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-
Z\d\$\-_.!~*'(),])|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2})|[:@&=+])*)(?:/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\d
\$\-_.!~*'(),])|(?:%[a-fA-F\d]{2})|[:@&=+])*))*)?)))

Mengingat kerumitannya, saya pikir Anda harus menggunakan cara urlparse.

Untuk kelengkapannya berikut ini pseudo-BNF dari regex diatas (sebagai dokumentasi):

; Bentuk umum dari URL adalah:

genericurl = scheme ":" schemepart

; Skema khusus yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya didefinisikan di sini; skema baru
; mungkin terdaftar di IANA

url = httpurl | ftpurl | newsurl |
                 nntpurl | telneturl | gopherurl |
                 waisurl | mailtourl | fileurl |
                 makmur | url

; skema baru mengikuti sintaks umum
otherurl = genericurl

; skema dalam huruf kecil; interpreter harus menggunakan case-ignore
skema = 1 * [lowalpha | digit | "+" | "-" | "." ]
schemepart = * xchar | ip-schemepart


; Bagian skema URL untuk protokol berbasis ip:

ip-schemepart = "//" login ["/" urlpath]

login = [pengguna [":" password] "@"] hostport
hostport = host [":" port]
host = nama host | nomor host
nama host = * [label domain "." ] label
domainlabel = alphadigit | alphadigit * [alphadigit | "-"] alphadigit
toplabel = alpha | alpha * [alphadigit | "-"] alphadigit
alphadigit = alpha | angka
hostnumber = digit "." digit "." digit "." digit
port = digit
pengguna = * [uchar | ";" | "?" | "&" | "="]
kata sandi = * [uchar | ";" | "?" | "&" | "="]
urlpath = * xchar; tergantung pada protokol, lihat bagian 3.1

; Skema yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya:

; FTP (lihat juga RFC959)

ftpurl = "ftp: //" login ["/" fpath ["; type =" ftptype]]
fpath = fsegment * ["/" fsegment]
fsegment = * [uchar | "?" | ":" | "@" | "&" | "="]
ftptype = "A" | "Saya" | "D" | "a" | "i" | "d"

; MENGAJUKAN

fileurl = "file: //" [host | "localhost"] "/" fpath

; HTTP

httpurl = "http: //" hostport ["/" hpath ["?" Cari ]]
hpath = hsegment * ["/" hsegment]
hsegment = * [uchar | ";" | ":" | "@" | "&" | "="]
pencarian = * [uchar | ";" | ":" | "@" | "&" | "="]

; GOPHER (lihat juga RFC1436)

gopherurl = "gopher: //" hostport [/ [gtype [selector
                 ["% 09" penelusuran ["% 09" gopher + _string]]]]]
gtype = xchar
selektor = * xchar
gopher + _string = * xchar

; MAILTO (lihat juga RFC822)

mailtourl = "mailto:" encoded822addr
encoded822addr = 1 * xchar; didefinisikan lebih lanjut dalam RFC822

; BERITA (lihat juga RFC1036)

newsurl = "berita:" bagian grup
grouppart = "*" | grup | artikel
grup = alpha * [alpha | digit | "-" | "." | "+" | "_"]
artikel = 1 * [uchar | ";" | "/" | "?" | ":" | "&" | "="] "@"

; NNTP (lihat juga RFC977)

nntpurl = "nntp: //" hostport "/" group ["/" digit]

; TELNET

telneturl = "telnet: //" login ["/"]

; WAIS (lihat juga RFC1625)

waisurl = waisdatabase | waisindex | waisdoc.dll
waisdatabase = "wais: //" hostport "/" database
waisindex = "wais: //" hostport "/" database "?" Cari
waisdoc = "wais: //" hostport "/" database "/" wtype "/" wpath
database = * uchar
wtype = * uchar
wpath = * uchar

; PROSPERO

makmur = "makmur: //" hostport "/" ppath * [fieldspec]
ppath = psegment * ["/" psegment]
psegment = * [uchar | "?" | ":" | "@" | "&" | "="]
fieldspec = ";" fieldname "=" fieldvalue
fieldname = * [uchar | "?" | ":" | "@" | "&"]
fieldvalue = * [uchar | "?" | ":" | "@" | "&"]

; Definisi lain-lain

lowalpha = "a" | "b" | "c" | "d" | "e" | "f" | "g" | "h" |
                 "i" | "j" | "k" | "l" | "m" | "n" | "o" | "p" |
                 "q" | "r" | "s" | "t" | "u" | "v" | "w" | "x" |
                 "y" | "z"
hialpha = "A" | "B" | "C" | "D" | "E" | "F" | "G" | "H" | "Saya" |
                 "J" | "K" | "L" | "M" | "N" | "O" | "P" | "Q" | "R" |
                 "S" | "T" | "U" | "V" | "W" | "X" | "Y" | "Z"
alpha = lowalpha | hialpha
digit = "0" | "1" | "2" | "3" | "4" | "5" | "6" | "7" |
                 "8" | "9"
aman = "$" | "-" | "_" | "." | "+"
ekstra = "!" | "*" | "'" | "(" | ")" | ","
nasional = "{" | "}" | "|" | "\" | "^" | "~" | "[" | "]" | "" "
tanda baca = "" | "#" | "%" |


dipesan = ";" | "/" | "?" | ":" | "@" | "&" | "="
hex = digit | "A" | "B" | "C" | "D" | "E" | "F" |
                 "a" | "b" | "c" | "d" | "e" | "f"
escape = "%" hex hex

tidak dipesan = alpha | digit | aman | tambahan
uchar = tanpa pagu harga | melarikan diri
xchar = tidak dipesan | dilindungi undang-undang | melarikan diri
digit = 1 * digit
nosklo.dll
sumber
26
Hebat. Hebat. Hebat.
Franz
57
Apakah ekspresi reguler ini dibuat oleh skrip atau sebenarnya ditulis dengan tangan?
Aufwind
21
Sepertinya apa yang akan dilakukan Jackson Pollock jika dia menulis ekspresi reguler. 1 untuk kedahsyatan
stib
10
Apa sumber asli untuk RegExp ini?
mVChr
3
saya menyisipkan kode ini untuk https dan berfungsi untuk saya, | (?: https: // (?: (?: (?: (?: (?: [a-zA-Z \ d] (? :( ?: [a-zA-Z \ d] | -) * [a-zA-Z \ d])?) \.) * (?: [a-zA-Z] (?: (?: [a-zA- Z \ d] | -) * [a-zA-Z \ d])?)) | (?: (?: \ D +) (?: \. (?: \ D +)) {3})) (? :: (?: \ d +))?) (?: / (?: (?: (?: (?: [a-zA-Z \ d $ \ - . +! * '(),] | (? :% [a-fA-F \ d] {2})) | [;: @ & =]) *) (?: / (?: (?: (?: [a-zA-Z \ d $ \ - . +! * '(),] | (?:% [a-fA-F \ d] {2})) | [;: @ & =]) *)) *) (?: \? (? : (?: (?: [a-zA-Z \ d $ \ -_. +! * '(),] | (?:% [a-fA-F \ d] {2})) | [; : @ & =]) *))?)?)
gunung es
21

Saya menggunakan yang digunakan oleh Django dan tampaknya bekerja dengan cukup baik:

def is_valid_url(url):
    import re
    regex = re.compile(
        r'^https?://'  # http:// or https://
        r'(?:(?:[A-Z0-9](?:[A-Z0-9-]{0,61}[A-Z0-9])?\.)+[A-Z]{2,6}\.?|'  # domain...
        r'localhost|'  # localhost...
        r'\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})' # ...or ip
        r'(?::\d+)?'  # optional port
        r'(?:/?|[/?]\S+)$', re.IGNORECASE)
    return url is not None and regex.search(url)

Anda selalu dapat memeriksa versi terbaru di sini: https://github.com/django/django/blob/master/django/core/validators.py#L74

Jairo Vasquez
sumber
1
ketika url adalah string kosong, ia akan mengembalikan None bukannya False
Pegasus
21

Saya akui, saya menemukan ekspresi reguler Anda sama sekali tidak bisa dimengerti. Saya ingin tahu apakah Anda bisa menggunakan urlparse? Sesuatu seperti:

pieces = urlparse.urlparse(url)
assert all([pieces.scheme, pieces.netloc])
assert set(pieces.netloc) <= set(string.letters + string.digits + '-.')  # and others?
assert pieces.scheme in ['http', 'https', 'ftp']  # etc.

Mungkin lebih lambat, dan mungkin Anda akan melewatkan ketentuan, tetapi (bagi saya) tampaknya jauh lebih mudah untuk dibaca dan di-debug daripada ekspresi reguler untuk URL .

John Fouhy
sumber
1
+1 untuk artikel codinghorror tentang upaya Jeff melakukan ini. Saya akan mengutip regex untuk memvalidasi alamat email yang valid, tetapi karakter 4K + tidak muat di kotak ini. Hal-hal ini sulit dilakukan, dan jawaban terbaik mungkin adalah parser khusus setelah Anda berhasil menemukan beberapa teks kandidat untuk memberinya makan.
RBerteig
Modul urlparse tampaknya sedikit liberal untuk validasi (untuk menerima masukan dan menormalkannya akan menjadi sempurna). Ini menerima hal-hal seperti " invalidurl-- " - yang saya hampir yakin URL tidak valid (?)
dbr
1
@dbr: Itulah mengapa saya menambahkan pernyataan assert ke sampel kode saya. Seperti yang saya katakan, "mungkin Anda akan melewatkan ketentuan", tetapi hal itu juga dapat terjadi dengan ekspresi reguler, dan setidaknya dengan cara ini Anda dapat dengan mudah mengetahui apa yang Anda sedang dan tidak uji.
John Fouhy
2
@dbr: Saya merasa lucu melihat komentar Anda karena SO juga menerimanya :)
Esteban Küber
urlparsemodul diubah namanya menjadi urllib.parsePython 3. Periksa docs.python.org/3.7/library/…
manasouza
6

urlparsedengan senang hati mengambil URL yang tidak valid, ini lebih merupakan pustaka pemisah string daripada jenis validator apa pun. Sebagai contoh:

from urlparse import urlparse
urlparse('http://----')
# returns: ParseResult(scheme='http', netloc='----', path='', params='', query='', fragment='')

Bergantung pada situasinya, ini mungkin baik-baik saja ..

Jika Anda sebagian besar mempercayai data, dan hanya ingin memverifikasi protokolnya adalah HTTP, maka urlparseitu sempurna.

Jika Anda ingin membuat URL sebenarnya adalah URL legal, gunakan regex konyol

Jika Anda ingin memastikan itu adalah alamat web yang sebenarnya,

import urllib
try:
    urllib.urlopen(url)
except IOError:
    print "Not a real URL"
dbr
sumber
1
eh, ada apa "http://----"?? Ini adalah url yang sangat valid! Cukup setel nama host Anda ke "----" dan Anda sudah dapat menggunakannya!
nosklo
@nosklo Kecuali saya salah membaca, nama host tidak boleh dimulai dengan tanda hubung, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/…
dbr
6

http://pypi.python.org/pypi/rfc3987 memberikan ekspresi reguler untuk konsistensi dengan aturan di RFC 3986 dan RFC 3987 (yaitu, bukan dengan aturan khusus skema).

Sebuah regexp untuk IRI_reference adalah:

(?P<scheme>[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9+.-]*):(?://(?P<iauthority>(?:(?P<iuserinfo>(?:(?:[
a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U0002
0000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U
00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009ff
fd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U00
0dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:)*)@)?(?P<ihost>\
\[(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){6}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]
[0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|::(?:[0
-9A-F]{1,4}:){5}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]
?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|[0-9A-F]{1,4}?::(
?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){4}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|
[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-9A-F
]{1,4}:)?[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){3}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?
:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[
0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,2}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){2}(?:
[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3
}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,3}[0-9A-F]{1,
4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:)(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0
-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-
9A-F]{1,4}:){,4}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]
|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|
(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,5}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,6
}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::|v[0-9A-F]+\\.(?:[a-zA-Z0-9_.~-]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:)+)\\]|(?:(?:(
?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][
0-9]?))|(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\
U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U000500
00-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00
090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd
\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=])*)(
?::(?P<port>[0-9]*))?)(?P<ipath>(?:/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\uf
dcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\
U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007f
ffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U0
00bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-
F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)*)*)|(?P<ipath>/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7
ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000
-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U0007
0000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U
000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000eff
fd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)+(?:/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff
\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\
U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U000700
00-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U00
0b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd
])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)*)*)?)|(?P<ipath>(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\
xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U
00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006ff
fd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U00
0afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-
\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)+(?:/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa
0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00
030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd
\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000a
fffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U
000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)*)*)|(?P<ipath>))(?:\\?(?P<iquery
>(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U000
1fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\
U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U000900
00-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U00
0d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)|[\
ue000-\uf8ff\U000f0000-\U000ffffd\U00100000-\U0010fffd]|/|\\?)*))?(?:\\#(?P<ifra
gment>(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-
\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050
000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U0
0090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfff
d\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|
@)|/|\\?)*))?|(?:(?://(?P<iauthority>(?:(?P<iuserinfo>(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa
0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00
030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd
\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000a
fffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U
000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:)*)@)?(?P<ihost>\\[(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,
4}:){6}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-
9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){5}(?:
[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3
}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|[0-9A-F]{1,4}?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){4
}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\
.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:)?[0-9A-F]{1
,4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){3}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-
4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?
:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,2}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){2}(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A
-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][
0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,3}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1
,4}:)(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]
?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,4}[0-
9A-F]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[
0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)))|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}
:){,5}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::[0-9A-F]{1,4}|(?:(?:[0-9A-F]{1,4}:){,6}[0-9A-F]{1,4})?::|
v[0-9A-F]+\\.(?:[a-zA-Z0-9_.~-]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:)+)\\]|(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-
9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?))|(?:(?:[a-zA
-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000
-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U0006
0000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U
000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dff
fd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=])*)(?::(?P<port>[0-9]*)
)?)(?P<ipath>(?:/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U0
0010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000-\U0004fff
d\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00080000-\U000
8fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U000c0000-\
U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*
+,;=]|:|@)*)*)|(?P<ipath>/(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufd
f0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U000400
00-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U00
080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd
\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A
-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)+(?:/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0
-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00040000
-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd\U0008
0000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U000bfffd\U
000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A-F][0-9A-F
]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)*)*)?)|(?P<ipath>(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\u
fdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd
\U00040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007
fffd\U00080000-\U0008fffd\U00090000-\U0009fffd\U000a0000-\U000afffd\U000b0000-\U
000bfffd\U000c0000-\U000cfffd\U000d0000-\U000dfffd\U000e1000-\U000efffd])|%[0-9A
-F][0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|@)+(?:/(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9._~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf
\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U0002fffd\U00030000-\U0003fffd\U00
040000-\U0004fffd\U00050000-\U0005fffd\U00060000-\U0006fffd\U00070000-\U0007fffd
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0-9A-F]|[!$&'()*+,;=]|:|@)*)*)|(?P<ipath>))(?:\\?(?P<iquery>(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-Z0-9.
_~-]|[\xa0-\ud7ff\uf900-\ufdcf\ufdf0-\uffef\U00010000-\U0001fffd\U00020000-\U000
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0-\U000ffffd\U00100000-\U0010fffd]|/|\\?)*))?(?:\\#(?P<ifragment>(?:(?:(?:[a-zA-
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Dalam satu baris:

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Daniel Gerber
sumber
6

catatan - Lepl tidak lagi dipelihara atau didukung.

RFC 3696 mendefinisikan "praktik terbaik" untuk validasi URL - http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3696.html

Rilis terbaru Lepl (pustaka parser Python) menyertakan implementasi RFC 3696. Anda akan menggunakannya seperti:

from lepl.apps.rfc3696 import Email, HttpUrl

# compile the validators (do once at start of program)
valid_email = Email()
valid_http_url = HttpUrl()

# use the validators (as often as you like)
if valid_email(some_email):
    # email is ok
else:
    # email is bad
if valid_http_url(some_url):
    # url is ok
else:
    # url is bad

Meskipun validator ditentukan di Lepl, yang merupakan pengurai keturunan rekursif, validator sebagian besar dikompilasi secara internal ke ekspresi reguler. Itu menggabungkan yang terbaik dari kedua dunia - definisi (yang relatif) mudah dibaca yang dapat diperiksa dengan RFC 3696 dan implementasi yang efisien. Ada posting di blog saya yang menunjukkan bagaimana ini menyederhanakan pengurai - http://www.acooke.org/cute/LEPLOptimi0.html

Lepl tersedia di http://www.acooke.org/lepl dan modul RFC 3696 didokumentasikan di http://www.acooke.org/lepl/rfc3696.html

Ini benar-benar baru dalam rilis ini, jadi mungkin mengandung bug. Silakan hubungi saya jika Anda memiliki masalah dan saya akan memperbaikinya secepat mungkin. Terima kasih.

andrew cooke
sumber
6

Saat ini, dalam 90% kasus jika Anda bekerja dengan URL dengan Python, Anda mungkin menggunakan permintaan-python. Oleh karena itu pertanyaannya di sini - mengapa tidak menggunakan kembali validasi URL dari permintaan?

from requests.models import PreparedRequest
import requests.exceptions


def check_url(url):
    prepared_request = PreparedRequest()
    try:
        prepared_request.prepare_url(url, None)
        return prepared_request.url
    except requests.exceptions.MissingSchema, e:
        raise SomeException

Fitur:

  • Jangan menemukan kembali roda
  • KERING
  • Bekerja secara offline
  • Sumber daya minimal
Andrei.Danciuc
sumber
3

Regex yang diberikan harus cocok dengan url apa pun dengan format http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt ; dan melakukannya saat diuji di interpreter python.

Format apa yang dimiliki URL yang mengalami kesulitan dalam mengurai?

Jory
sumber
1

Saya harus melakukan ini berkali-kali selama bertahun-tahun dan selalu berakhir dengan meniru ekspresi reguler orang lain yang telah memikirkannya lebih dari yang saya inginkan .

Karena itu, ada regex dalam kode bentuk Django yang harus melakukan trik:

http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/django/forms/fields.py#L534

brianz
sumber
URL django sepertinya tidak menangani ftp, dll ... Selain itu, tidak mengizinkan semua karakter unicode di bagian domain, yang menurut saya diperbolehkan.
dhruvbird
1

regex validasi url django yang dimodifikasi:

import re

ul = '\u00a1-\uffff'  # unicode letters range (must not be a raw string)

# IP patterns 
ipv4_re = r'(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)){3}' 
ipv6_re = r'\[[0-9a-f:\.]+\]'

# Host patterns 
hostname_re = r'[a-z' + ul + r'0-9](?:[a-z' + ul + r'0-9-]{0,61}[a-z' + ul + r'0-9])?'
domain_re = r'(?:\.(?!-)[a-z' + ul + r'0-9-]{1,63}(?<!-))*' # domain names have max length of 63 characters
tld_re = ( 
    r'\.'                                # dot 
    r'(?!-)'                             # can't start with a dash 
    r'(?:[a-z' + ul + '-]{2,63}'         # domain label 
    r'|xn--[a-z0-9]{1,59})'              # or punycode label 
    r'(?<!-)'                            # can't end with a dash 
    r'\.?'                               # may have a trailing dot 
) 
host_re = '(' + hostname_re + domain_re + tld_re + '|localhost)'

regex = re.compile( 
    r'^(?:http|ftp)s?://' # http(s):// or ftp(s)://
    r'(?:\S+(?::\S*)?@)?'  # user:pass authentication 
    r'(?:' + ipv4_re + '|' + ipv6_re + '|' + host_re + ')' # localhost or ip
    r'(?::\d{2,5})?'  # optional port
    r'(?:[/?#][^\s]*)?'  # resource path
    r'\Z', re.IGNORECASE)

sumber: https://github.com/django/django/blob/master/django/core/validators.py#L74

RetroDad
sumber
Sepertinya bekerja dengan baik! Tapi: (mengacu pada judul) apa yang dimodifikasi dan mengapa?
Hans Bouwmeester
0 
urlfinders = [
    re.compile("([0-9]{1,3}\\.[0-9]{1,3}\\.[0-9]{1,3}\\.[0-9]{1,3}|(((news|telnet|nttp|file|http|ftp|https)://)|(www|ftp)[-A-Za-z0-9]*\\.)[-A-Za-z0-9\\.]+)(:[0-9]*)?/[-A-Za-z0-9_\\$\\.\\+\\!\\*\\(\\),;:@&=\\?/~\\#\\%]*[^]'\\.}>\\),\\\"]"),
    re.compile("([0-9]{1,3}\\.[0-9]{1,3}\\.[0-9]{1,3}\\.[0-9]{1,3}|(((news|telnet|nttp|file|http|ftp|https)://)|(www|ftp)[-A-Za-z0-9]*\\.)[-A-Za-z0-9\\.]+)(:[0-9]*)?"),
    re.compile("(~/|/|\\./)([-A-Za-z0-9_\\$\\.\\+\\!\\*\\(\\),;:@&=\\?/~\\#\\%]|\\\\
)+"),
    re.compile("'\\<((mailto:)|)[-A-Za-z0-9\\.]+@[-A-Za-z0-9\\.]+"),
]

CATATAN: Seburuk yang terlihat di browser Anda, cukup salin tempel dan pemformatannya harus bagus

Ditemukan di milis python dan digunakan untuk gnome-terminal

sumber: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2007-January/595436.html

pengguna101852
sumber
2
Protokol "nttp" itu tampaknya anomali, dan saya melihatnya dalam sumber aslinya juga. Saya ingin tahu seberapa banyak regex ini diuji?
Greg Hewgill
Ugh, tolong jangan menulis kode seperti ini. Jika Anda hanya ingin menggunakan url vanilla biasa, gunakan urlparse seperti yang disarankan dalam jawaban lain. Simpan ekspresi reguler saat Anda benar-benar mencoba mencocokkan, katakanlah, subkumpulan URL tertentu atau hal lain yang dapat dianggap sebagai kasus khusus. Jika nanti Anda menemukan regex yang jelek, Anda akan bertanya-tanya apakah Anda hanya mencoba mendeskripsikan URL secara umum atau secara khusus memilih kasus yang dapat ditangani oleh kode Anda yang lain karena beberapa kendala aneh.
rndmcnlly
@sth: Harap lihat protokol NNTP.
Greg Hewgill
1
Um, sedikit setelah protokol "mailto:" harus alamat email yang sesuai, bukan? Jeffry Friedl dalam Mastering Regular Expressions menemukan URL yang cocok dengan hewan seperti panjang 4724 byte dengan sendirinya ....
RBerteig