Berikut adalah beberapa pseudo-code untuk mengambil yang berikut:
- Jika ada kunci registri
- Apa nilai default untuk kunci registri tersebut
- Apa itu nilai string
- Apa nilai DWORD itu
Kode contoh:
Sertakan ketergantungan perpustakaan: Advapi32.lib
HKEY hKey;
LONG lRes = RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, L"SOFTWARE\\Perl", 0, KEY_READ, &hKey);
bool bExistsAndSuccess (lRes == ERROR_SUCCESS);
bool bDoesNotExistsSpecifically (lRes == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND);
std::wstring strValueOfBinDir;
std::wstring strKeyDefaultValue;
GetStringRegKey(hKey, L"BinDir", strValueOfBinDir, L"bad");
GetStringRegKey(hKey, L"", strKeyDefaultValue, L"bad");
LONG GetDWORDRegKey(HKEY hKey, const std::wstring &strValueName, DWORD &nValue, DWORD nDefaultValue)
{
nValue = nDefaultValue;
DWORD dwBufferSize(sizeof(DWORD));
DWORD nResult(0);
LONG nError = ::RegQueryValueExW(hKey,
strValueName.c_str(),
0,
NULL,
reinterpret_cast<LPBYTE>(&nResult),
&dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nError)
{
nValue = nResult;
}
return nError;
}
LONG GetBoolRegKey(HKEY hKey, const std::wstring &strValueName, bool &bValue, bool bDefaultValue)
{
DWORD nDefValue((bDefaultValue) ? 1 : 0);
DWORD nResult(nDefValue);
LONG nError = GetDWORDRegKey(hKey, strValueName.c_str(), nResult, nDefValue);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nError)
{
bValue = (nResult != 0) ? true : false;
}
return nError;
}
LONG GetStringRegKey(HKEY hKey, const std::wstring &strValueName, std::wstring &strValue, const std::wstring &strDefaultValue)
{
strValue = strDefaultValue;
WCHAR szBuffer[512];
DWORD dwBufferSize = sizeof(szBuffer);
ULONG nError;
nError = RegQueryValueExW(hKey, strValueName.c_str(), 0, NULL, (LPBYTE)szBuffer, &dwBufferSize);
if (ERROR_SUCCESS == nError)
{
strValue = szBuffer;
}
return nError;
}
RegOpenKeyExW
danRegQueryValueExW
ke "set karakter" yang setara dengan agnostikRegOpenKeyEx
danRegQueryValueEx
const CString REG_SW_GROUP_I_WANT = _T("SOFTWARE\\My Corporation\\My Package\\Group I want"); const CString REG_KEY_I_WANT= _T("Key Name"); CRegKey regKey; DWORD dwValue = 0; if(ERROR_SUCCESS != regKey.Open(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, REG_SW_GROUP_I_WANT)) { m_pobLogger->LogError(_T("CRegKey::Open failed in Method")); regKey.Close(); goto Function_Exit; } if( ERROR_SUCCESS != regKey.QueryValue( dwValue, REG_KEY_I_WANT)) { m_pobLogger->LogError(_T("CRegKey::QueryValue Failed in Method")); regKey.Close(); goto Function_Exit; } // dwValue has the stuff now - use for further processing
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CRegKey
terdengar seperti negara ATL atau MFC.Sejak Windows> = Vista / Server 2008, RegGetValue tersedia, yang merupakan fungsi yang lebih aman daripada RegQueryValueEx . Tidak perlu untuk
RegOpenKeyEx
,RegCloseKey
atauNUL
cek penghentian nilai string (REG_SZ
,REG_MULTI_SZ
,REG_EXPAND_SZ
).#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <exception> #include <windows.h> /*! \brief Returns a value from HKLM as string. \exception std::runtime_error Replace with your error handling. */ std::wstring GetStringValueFromHKLM(const std::wstring& regSubKey, const std::wstring& regValue) { size_t bufferSize = 0xFFF; // If too small, will be resized down below. std::wstring valueBuf; // Contiguous buffer since C++11. valueBuf.resize(bufferSize); auto cbData = static_cast<DWORD>(bufferSize * sizeof(wchar_t)); auto rc = RegGetValueW( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, regSubKey.c_str(), regValue.c_str(), RRF_RT_REG_SZ, nullptr, static_cast<void*>(valueBuf.data()), &cbData ); while (rc == ERROR_MORE_DATA) { // Get a buffer that is big enough. cbData /= sizeof(wchar_t); if (cbData > static_cast<DWORD>(bufferSize)) { bufferSize = static_cast<size_t>(cbData); } else { bufferSize *= 2; cbData = static_cast<DWORD>(bufferSize * sizeof(wchar_t)); } valueBuf.resize(bufferSize); rc = RegGetValueW( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, regSubKey.c_str(), regValue.c_str(), RRF_RT_REG_SZ, nullptr, static_cast<void*>(valueBuf.data()), &cbData ); } if (rc == ERROR_SUCCESS) { cbData /= sizeof(wchar_t); valueBuf.resize(static_cast<size_t>(cbData - 1)); // remove end null character return valueBuf; } else { throw std::runtime_error("Windows system error code: " + std::to_string(rc)); } } int main() { std::wstring regSubKey; #ifdef _WIN64 // Manually switching between 32bit/64bit for the example. Use dwFlags instead. regSubKey = L"SOFTWARE\\WOW6432Node\\Company Name\\Application Name\\"; #else regSubKey = L"SOFTWARE\\Company Name\\Application Name\\"; #endif std::wstring regValue(L"MyValue"); std::wstring valueFromRegistry; try { valueFromRegistry = GetStringValueFromHKLM(regSubKey, regValue); } catch (std::exception& e) { std::cerr << e.what(); } std::wcout << valueFromRegistry; }
Parameternya
dwFlags
mendukung tanda untuk pembatasan tipe, mengisi buffer nilai dengan nol pada kegagalan (RRF_ZEROONFAILURE
) dan akses registri 32 / 64bit (RRF_SUBKEY_WOW6464KEY
,RRF_SUBKEY_WOW6432KEY
) untuk program 64bit.sumber
static_cast<void*> (valueBuf.data())
. Saya tidak dapat menggunakanconst_cast
, dan menggunakan cor gaya C tampaknya membuat saya mengatasi kesalahan kompiler hanya untuk memberi saya kesalahan runtime. Ada saran?Pasangan RegOpenKey dan RegQueryKeyEx akan melakukan triknya.
Jika Anda menggunakan kelas MFC CRegKey adalah solusi yang lebih mudah.
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RegQueryValueEx
Ini memberikan nilai jika ada, dan mengembalikan kode kesalahan ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND jika kunci tidak ada.
(Saya tidak tahu apakah tautan saya berfungsi atau tidak, tetapi jika Anda hanya mencari "RegQueryValueEx" di Google, klik pertama adalah dokumentasi msdn.)
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Biasanya kunci dan nilai register adalah konstanta dalam program. Jika ya, berikut adalah contoh cara membaca nilai registri DWORD
Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\FileSystem\LongPathsEnabled
:#include <windows.h> DWORD val; DWORD dataSize = sizeof(val); if (ERROR_SUCCESS == RegGetValueA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\FileSystem", "LongPathsEnabled", RRF_RT_DWORD, nullptr /*type not required*/, &val, &dataSize)) { printf("Value is %i\n", val); // no CloseKey needed because it is a predefined registry key } else { printf("Error reading.\n"); }
Untuk menyesuaikan dengan tipe nilai lainnya, lihat https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winreg/nf-winreg-reggetvaluea untuk spesifikasi lengkap.
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Aplikasi konsol ini akan mencantumkan semua nilai dan datanya dari kunci registri untuk sebagian besar nilai registri potensial. Ada beberapa yang aneh yang jarang digunakan. Jika Anda perlu mendukung semuanya, perluas dari contoh ini sambil merujuk dokumentasi Jenis Nilai Registri ini .
Biarkan ini menjadi konten kunci registri yang dapat Anda impor dari
.reg
format file:Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\added\subkey] "String_Value"="hello, world!" "Binary_Value"=hex:01,01,01,01 "Dword value"=dword:00001224 "QWord val"=hex(b):24,22,12,00,00,00,00,00 "multi-line val"=hex(7):4c,00,69,00,6e,00,65,00,20,00,30,00,00,00,4c,00,69,00,\ 6e,00,65,00,20,00,31,00,00,00,4c,00,69,00,6e,00,65,00,20,00,32,00,00,00,00,\ 00 "expanded_val"=hex(2):25,00,55,00,53,00,45,00,52,00,50,00,52,00,4f,00,46,00,49,\ 00,4c,00,45,00,25,00,5c,00,6e,00,65,00,77,00,5f,00,73,00,74,00,75,00,66,00,\ 66,00,00,00
Aplikasi konsol itu sendiri:
#include <Windows.h> #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <locale> #include <vector> #include <iomanip> int wmain() { const auto hKey = HKEY_CURRENT_USER; constexpr auto lpSubKey = TEXT("added\\subkey"); auto openedKey = HKEY(); auto status = RegOpenKeyEx(hKey, lpSubKey, 0, KEY_READ, &openedKey); if (status == ERROR_SUCCESS) { auto valueCount = static_cast<DWORD>(0); auto maxNameLength = static_cast<DWORD>(0); auto maxValueLength = static_cast<DWORD>(0); status = RegQueryInfoKey(openedKey, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &valueCount, &maxNameLength, &maxValueLength, NULL, NULL); if (status == ERROR_SUCCESS) { DWORD type = 0; DWORD index = 0; std::vector<wchar_t> valueName = std::vector<wchar_t>(maxNameLength + 1); std::vector<BYTE> dataBuffer = std::vector<BYTE>(maxValueLength); for (DWORD index = 0; index < valueCount; index++) { DWORD charCountValueName = static_cast<DWORD>(valueName.size()); DWORD charBytesData = static_cast<DWORD>(dataBuffer.size()); status = RegEnumValue(openedKey, index, valueName.data(), &charCountValueName, NULL, &type, dataBuffer.data(), &charBytesData); if (type == REG_SZ) { const auto reg_string = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(dataBuffer.data()); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_SZ" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData : " << reg_string << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_EXPAND_SZ) { const auto casted = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(dataBuffer.data()); TCHAR buffer[32000]; ExpandEnvironmentStrings(casted, buffer, 32000); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_EXPAND_SZ" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData: " << buffer << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_MULTI_SZ) { std::vector<std::wstring> lines; const auto str = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(dataBuffer.data()); auto line = str; lines.emplace_back(line); for (auto i = 0; i < charBytesData / sizeof(wchar_t) - 1; i++) { const auto c = str[i]; if (c == 0) { line = str + i + 1; const auto new_line = reinterpret_cast<wchar_t*>(line); if (wcsnlen_s(new_line, 1024) > 0) lines.emplace_back(new_line); } } std::wcout << L"Type: REG_MULTI_SZ" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData: " << std::endl; for (size_t i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) { std::wcout << L"\t\tLine[" << i + 1 << L"]: " << lines[i] << std::endl; } } if (type == REG_DWORD) { const auto dword_value = reinterpret_cast<unsigned long*>(dataBuffer.data()); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_DWORD" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData : " << std::to_wstring(*dword_value) << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_QWORD) { const auto qword_value = reinterpret_cast<unsigned long long*>(dataBuffer.data()); std::wcout << L"Type: REG_DWORD" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData : " << std::to_wstring(*qword_value) << std::endl; } else if (type == REG_BINARY) { std::vector<uint16_t> bins; for (auto i = 0; i < charBytesData; i++) { bins.push_back(static_cast<uint16_t>(dataBuffer[i])); } std::wcout << L"Type: REG_BINARY" << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tName: " << valueName.data() << std::endl; std::wcout << L"\tData:"; for (size_t i = 0; i < bins.size(); i++) { std::wcout << L" " << std::uppercase << std::hex << \ std::setw(2) << std::setfill(L'0') << std::to_wstring(bins[i]); } std::wcout << std::endl; } } } } RegCloseKey(openedKey); return 0; }
Output konsol yang diharapkan:
Type: REG_SZ Name: String_Value Data : hello, world! Type: REG_BINARY Name: Binary_Value Data: 01 01 01 01 Type: REG_DWORD Name: Dword value Data : 4644 Type: REG_DWORD Name: QWord val Data : 1188388 Type: REG_MULTI_SZ Name: multi-line val Data: Line[1]: Line 0 Line[2]: Line 1 Line[3]: Line 2 Type: REG_EXPAND_SZ Name: expanded_val Data: C:\Users\user name\new_stuff
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#include <windows.h> #include <map> #include <string> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <tr1/stdint.h> using namespace std; void printerr(DWORD dwerror) { LPVOID lpMsgBuf; FormatMessage( FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, dwerror, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), // Default language (LPTSTR) &lpMsgBuf, 0, NULL ); // Process any inserts in lpMsgBuf. // ... // Display the string. if (isOut) { fprintf(fout, "%s\n", lpMsgBuf); } else { printf("%s\n", lpMsgBuf); } // Free the buffer. LocalFree(lpMsgBuf); } bool regreadSZ(string& hkey, string& subkey, string& value, string& returnvalue, string& regValueType) { char s[128000]; map<string,HKEY> keys; keys["HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT"]=HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT; keys["HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG"]=HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG; //DID NOT SURVIVE? keys["HKEY_CURRENT_USER"]=HKEY_CURRENT_USER; keys["HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE"]=HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE; keys["HKEY_USERS"]=HKEY_USERS; HKEY mykey; map<string,DWORD> valuetypes; valuetypes["REG_SZ"]=REG_SZ; valuetypes["REG_EXPAND_SZ"]=REG_EXPAND_SZ; valuetypes["REG_MULTI_SZ"]=REG_MULTI_SZ; //probably can't use this. LONG retval=RegOpenKeyEx( keys[hkey], // handle to open key subkey.c_str(), // subkey name 0, // reserved KEY_READ, // security access mask &mykey // handle to open key ); if (ERROR_SUCCESS != retval) {printerr(retval); return false;} DWORD slen=128000; DWORD valuetype = valuetypes[regValueType]; retval=RegQueryValueEx( mykey, // handle to key value.c_str(), // value name NULL, // reserved (LPDWORD) &valuetype, // type buffer (LPBYTE)s, // data buffer (LPDWORD) &slen // size of data buffer ); switch(retval) { case ERROR_SUCCESS: //if (isOut) { // fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_SUCCESS:succeeded.\n"); //} else { // printf("RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_SUCCESS:succeeded.\n"); //} break; case ERROR_MORE_DATA: //what do I do now? data buffer is too small. if (isOut) { fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_MORE_DATA: need bigger buffer.\n"); } else { printf("RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_MORE_DATA: need bigger buffer.\n"); } return false; case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: if (isOut) { fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: registry value does not exist.\n"); } else { printf("RegQueryValueEx():ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: registry value does not exist.\n"); } return false; default: if (isOut) { fprintf(fout,"RegQueryValueEx():unknown error type 0x%lx.\n", retval); } else { printf("RegQueryValueEx():unknown error type 0x%lx.\n", retval); } return false; } retval=RegCloseKey(mykey); if (ERROR_SUCCESS != retval) {printerr(retval); return false;} returnvalue = s; return true; }
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