Tantangannya adalah untuk memfilter file besar dengan cepat.

• Input: Setiap baris memiliki tiga bilangan bulat positif yang dipisahkan ruang.

• Output: Semua jalur input A B, Tyang memenuhi salah satu kriteria berikut.

  1. Ada ada garis masukan lain C, D, Udi mana D = Adan 0 <= T - U < 100.
  2. Ada ada garis masukan lain C, D, Udi mana B = Cdan 0 <= U - T < 100.

Untuk membuat file uji gunakan skrip python berikut yang juga akan digunakan untuk pengujian. Ini akan membuat file 1.3G. Anda tentu saja dapat mengurangi noline untuk pengujian.

import random    
nolines = 50000000 # 50 million
for i in xrange(nolines):
    print random.randint(0,nolines-1), random.randint(0,nolines-1), random.randint(0,nolines-1)

Aturan Kode tercepat ketika diuji pada file input yang saya buat menggunakan skrip di atas pada komputer saya menang. Batas waktu satu minggu dari waktu entri yang benar pertama.

Mesin Saya Pengaturan waktu akan dijalankan pada mesin saya. Ini adalah instalasi ubuntu RAM 8GB standar pada Prosesor Delapan-Core AMD FX-8350. Ini juga berarti saya harus dapat menjalankan kode Anda.

Beberapa informasi waktu yang relevan

Waktu diperbarui untuk menjalankan yang berikut sebelum setiap tes.

sync && sudo bash -c 'echo  3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches'

time wc test.file

real    0m26.835s
user    0m18.363s
sys     0m0.495s

time sort -n largefile.file  > /dev/null

real    1m32.344s
user    2m9.530s
sys     0m6.543s

Status entri

Saya menjalankan baris berikut sebelum setiap tes.

sync && sudo bash -c 'echo  3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches'

• Perl (Menunggu untuk perbaikan bug.)
• Scala 1 menit 37 detik oleh @James_pic. (Menggunakan scala -J-Xmx6g Filterer largefile.file output.txt)
• Jawa . 1 menit 23 detik oleh @Geobits. (Menggunakan java -Xmx6g Filter_26643)
• C . 2 menit 21 detik oleh @ScottLeadley.
• C . 28 detik oleh @James_pic.
• Python + panda . Mungkin ada solusi "groupby" sederhana?
• C . 28 detik oleh @KeithRandall.

Pemenangnya adalah Keith Randall dan James_pic.

Saya tidak tahu waktu lari mereka dan keduanya hampir secepat wc!

C, ~ 7 4,1 detik

Radix sort di T, lalu berjalan melalui array mencari korek api.

Cepat karena ramah cache. Jenis radix masuk akal, dan jalan terakhir sangat. Saya harus memeriksa setiap baris terhadap sekitar 100 lainnya, tetapi semuanya bersebelahan dalam cache.

Ditambahkan: Saya tidak lagi harus memeriksa setiap baris terhadap pemindaian 100 baris lainnya. Tabel kecil jumlah bit urutan rendah b di jendela sudah cukup untuk menghilangkan sebagian besar pemindaian ini.

Sekarang sekitar 1/2 penguraian waktu, 1/3 penyortiran waktu, 1/6 waktu melakukan pencocokan yang sebenarnya.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

// B = # of bits per radix pass
// R = # of radix passes
#define B 9
#define R 3
#define M ((1<<B)-1)
#define MAXN 50000000

int count[R][1<<B];

typedef struct {
  int a,b,t,print;
} entry;

entry A[MAXN];
entry C[MAXN];

// Sized to fit well in L1 cache
unsigned char bcount[16384];

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  FILE *f = fopen(argv[1], "r");
  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
  int size = ftell(f);
  fclose(f);

  int fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);
  const char *p = (const char*)mmap(0, size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
  const char *endp = p + size;

  // parse, insert into array
  int n = 0;
  while(p < endp) {

    // parse line
    int a = 0;
    while(*p != ' ') {
      a *= 10;
      a += *p - '0';
      p++;
    }
    p++;
    int b = 0;
    while(*p != ' ') {
      b *= 10;
      b += *p - '0';
      p++;
    }
    p++;
    int t = 0;
    while(*p != '\n') {
      t *= 10;
      t += *p - '0';
      p++;
    }
    p++;

    // insert it
    if(n == MAXN) {
      printf("too many elements\n");
      exit(1);
    }
    A[n].a = a;
    A[n].b = b;
    A[n].t = t;
    n++;

    // compute counts for radix sort
    count[0][t&M]++;
    count[1][(t>>B)&M]++;
    count[2][t>>2*B]++;
  }

  // accumulate count entries
  for(int r = 0; r < R; r++) {
    for(int i = 0; i < M; i++) {
      count[r][i+1]+=count[r][i];
    }
  }

  // radix sort, 3 rounds
  for(int i = n-1; i >= 0; i--) {
    C[--count[0][A[i].t&M]] = A[i];
  }
  for(int i = n-1; i >= 0; i--) {
    A[--count[1][(C[i].t>>B)&M]] = C[i];
  }
  for(int i = n-1; i >= 0; i--) {
    C[--count[2][A[i].t>>2*B]] = A[i];
  }

  // Walk through array (now sorted by T) and find matches.
  // We maintain a window of T values that might match.
  // To facilitate finding matches within that window, bcount
  // keeps track of a count of how many b's in that window
  // have the given low 14 bits.
  int j = 0;
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    int a = C[i].a;
    int t = C[i].t;
    while(C[j].t <= t - 100) {
      int x = C[j].b & 16383;
      if(bcount[x] != 255) bcount[x]--;
      j++;
    }
    if(bcount[a & 16383] > 0) {
      // somewhere in the window is a b that matches the
      // low 14 bits of a.  Find out if there is a full match.
      for(int k = j; k < i; k++) {
        if(a == C[k].b)
          C[k].print = C[i].print = 1;
      }
    }
    int x = C[i].b & 16383;
    if(bcount[x] != 255) bcount[x]++;
  }
  for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    if(C[i].print)
      printf("%d %d %d\n", C[i].a, C[i].b, C[i].t);
  }
}

Scala 2.10 - 0:41

Masalahnya pada dasarnya:

select * from data x, data x where x.a = y.b and 0 <= x.t - y.t and x.t - y.t < 100

Sebagian besar RDBMS akan melihat bahwa join dari x.ato y.bmemiliki kekhususan tertinggi, dan merencanakan ini sebagai hash join.

Jadi itu yang akan kita lakukan. Kami membuat hashtabel data aktif a, hash gabung dengan tabel yang sama b, dan filter perbedaannya t.

import scala.io.Source
import scala.reflect.ClassTag
import java.io._

object Filterer {
  def roundUpToNextPowerOfTwo(x: Int) = {
    // blatantly stolen from http://bits.stephan-brumme.com/roundUpToNextPowerOfTwo.html
    var y = x - 1
    y |= y >> 1
    y |= y >> 2
    y |= y >> 4
    y |= y >> 8
    y |= y >> 16
    y + 1
  }

  // We hash join the array with itself, a to b, and emit both rows if t is within 100. 50m records should fit into 8GB OK.
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val input = Source.fromFile(args(0), "ASCII").getLines()
    val output = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(args(1)), "US-ASCII"))
    try {
      val data1: Array[Row] = input.map{line =>
        Row(line)
      }.toArray

      /*
       * In theory, data1 and data2 could be created in parallel, but OpenHashMultiMap needs
       * to know its size at creation time, to sidestep the need for rehashing. I could just
       * hard-code 50 million (the size of the data in the challenge), but that seems dishonest.
       */
      val data2 = new OpenHashMultiMap[Int, Row](roundUpToNextPowerOfTwo(data1.size) * 2, -1)
      for (r <- data1) data2.insert(r.a, r) // data2 is hashed by a

      for (row1 <- data1.par) {
        val Row(a, b, t) = row1
        for (Row(c, d, u) <- data2.get(b) if (0 <= u - t) && (u - t < 100)) {
          // The conditions are symmetric, so if row1 matches, so does row2
          output.write(s"$a $b $t\n$c $d $u\n")
        }
      }
    } finally {
      output.close()
    }
  }
}

object Row {
  def apply(data: String): Row = {
    val l = data.length
    var i = 0
    var a = 0
    var b = 0
    var c = 0
    while (data.charAt(i) != ' ') {
      a = a * 10 + (data.charAt(i) - '0')
      i += 1
    }
    i += 1
    while (data.charAt(i) != ' ') {
      b = b * 10 + (data.charAt(i) - '0')
      i += 1
    }
    i += 1
    while (i < l) {
      c = c * 10 + (data.charAt(i) - '0')
      i += 1
    }
    Row(a, b, c)
  }
}

final case class Row(a: Int, b: Int, t: Int)

/*
 * None of the standard Java or Scala collections are particularly efficient as large MultiMaps,
 * so we write our own. We use open hashing with quadratic probing.
 */
class OpenHashMultiMap[@specialized(Int) K: ClassTag, V: ClassTag](capacity: Int, default: K) {
  require((capacity & (capacity - 1)) == 0) // Power of 2 capacity
  private val keys = Array.fill(capacity)(default)
  private val values = new Array[V](capacity)
  private val mask = capacity - 1

  private def hash(k: K) = {
    // Hash mingling - Int has a particularly poor hash
    k.hashCode * 428916315
  }

  def insert(k: K, v: V) = {
    var found = false
    var loc = hash(k) & mask
    var inc = 0
    while (inc <= capacity && !found) {
      loc = (loc + inc) & mask
      inc += 1
      found = keys(loc) == default
    }
    keys(loc) = k
    values(loc) = v
  }

  def get(key: K) = new Traversable[V] {
    override def foreach[U](f: V => U) = {
      var break = false
      var loc = hash(key) & mask
      var inc = 0
      while (inc <= capacity && !break) {
        loc = (loc + inc) & mask
        inc += 1
        val k = keys(loc)
        if (key == k) f(values(loc))
        else if (k == default) break = true
      }
    }
  }
}

Kompilasi dengan:

scalac Filterer.scala

Dan jalankan dengan:

scala -J-server -J-XX:+AggressiveOpts -J-Xms6g -J-Xmx6g Filterer input_file.dat output_file.txt

Di mesin saya, ini berjalan dalam 2 menit 27.

Namun, mungkin menarik untuk mencoba pendekatan dari jawaban @ Lembik, tetapi dalam bahasa yang lebih cepat. Ini terkait dengan sesuatu seperti gabungan yang bergabung t. Di atas kertas, seharusnya lebih lambat, tetapi memiliki lokalitas cache yang lebih baik, yang mungkin mendorongnya ke depan.

Memperbarui

Saya telah berhasil mencukur sebagian besar waktu dengan perubahan kecil yang mengejutkan - hash mingler yang lebih baik. Peta hash sangat sensitif terhadap penggumpalan hash, jadi perubahan ini membawanya ke 1:45 di mesin saya.

Sebagian besar waktu dihabiskan membaca data ke dalam array.

Saya ingin tahu mengapa kode membaca data saya jauh lebih lambat daripada @Geobits. Butuh kode saya 70 detik untuk membaca data di - lebih lama dari seluruh program @Geobits, setelah Thread.startbug diperbaiki. Saya tergoda untuk mencuri pendekatan @Geobits untuk membaca data, tapi saya tidak yakin bagaimana perasaan para dewa Stack Exchange tentang hal itu.

Perbarui 2

Saya telah membuat perbaikan lebih lanjut, kali ini untuk pembaca data. Menggunakan pencocokan pola dan operasi monad di dalam loop merusak kinerja, jadi saya menyederhanakannya. Saya pikir scala.io.Sourceadalah hambatan selanjutnya untuk diatasi.

Sekarang jam 1:26 di mesin saya.

Perbarui 3

Singkirkan probedari OpenHashMultiMap. Kode sekarang lebih java-ish, dan berjalan di 1:15.

Perbarui 4

Saya sekarang menggunakan FSM untuk mem-parsing input. Jalankan waktu turun ke 0:41

Java: 1m54s

(Pada i7 saya)

Karena setiap pertandingan akan berada dalam 100 tdari pasangannya, saya memutuskan untuk memasukkan input t. Ada satu ember untuk masing-masing 100, jadi untuk memeriksa nomor, itu hanya perlu memeriksa terhadap +/- 1 ember.

Rata-rata, setiap ember hanya berisi 100 entri, sehingga tidak perlu waktu lama untuk memindai beberapa ember untuk masing-masing. Lebih dari separuh waktu dihabiskan untuk membaca dan mengisi, pencocokan hanya membutuhkan waktu sekitar 40 detik.

Catatan: Bergantung pada pengaturan JVM Anda, Anda mungkin perlu menambah ukuran heap. Ini juga mengasumsikan nama file test.file. Cukup ubah pada baris 24 jika bukan itu masalahnya.

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class Filter_26643 {

    final static int numThreads = 8; 
    final static int numInputs = 50000000;
    final static int bucketSize = 100;
    final static int numBuckets = numInputs/bucketSize;
    ArrayList<ArrayList<int[]>> buckets;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Filter_26643().run();
    }

    void run(){
        try{
            buckets = new ArrayList<ArrayList<int[]>>(numBuckets);
            for(int i=0;i<numBuckets;i++)
                buckets.add(new ArrayList<int[]>(bucketSize*2));

            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.file"));
            int c=0,e[];
            while(c++<numInputs){
                StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                e = new int[] {
                                Integer.parseInt(tokenizer.nextToken()),
                                Integer.parseInt(tokenizer.nextToken()),
                                Integer.parseInt(tokenizer.nextToken())
                                }; 
                buckets.get(e[2]/100).add(e);
            }
            reader.close();

            MatchThread[] threads = new MatchThread[numThreads];
            for(int i=0;i<numThreads;i++){
                threads[i] = new MatchThread(i);
                threads[i].start();
            }
            for(int i=0;i<numThreads;i++)
                threads[i].join();

        } catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    class MatchThread extends Thread{
        int index;

        public MatchThread(int index){
            this.index = index;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            for(int i=index;i<numBuckets;i+=numThreads){
                int max = i+2 >= numBuckets ? numBuckets : i+2;
                int min = i-1 < 0 ? i : i-1;
                for(int[] entry : buckets.get(i)){
                    outer:
                    for(int j=min;j<max;j++){
                        ArrayList<int[]> bucket = buckets.get(j);
                        for(int[] other : bucket){
                            if(((entry[0]==other[1] && entry[2]-other[2]<100 && entry[2]>=other[2]) || 
                                (entry[1]==other[0] && other[2]-entry[2]<100 && other[2]>=entry[2]))
                                && entry != other){
                                 System.out.println(entry[0] + " " + entry[1] + " " + entry[2]);
                                 break outer;
                            }
                        }                           

                    }   
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

C - 12 detik

Saya memutuskan untuk mengirimkan jawaban Scala saya ke C, untuk melihat berapa banyak lagi kinerja yang bisa saya dapatkan.

Ini kurang lebih pendekatan yang sama (membangun tabel hash terbuka a), kecuali bahwa saya melewatkan langkah di mana saya membangun array awal, dan beralih dari tabel hash secara langsung (untuk beberapa alasan saya tidak pernah bisa mendapatkan pendekatan ini untuk tampil di Scala - Saya menduga JVM inlining yang harus disalahkan).

Saya tidak peduli dengan benang, karena itu menyakitkan untuk dilakukan dengan mudah.

Kode tersebut adalah:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>

// Should be 37% occupied with 50m entries
#define TABLE_SIZE 0x8000000
#define MASK (TABLE_SIZE - 1)
#define BUFFER_SIZE 16384
#define END_OF_FILE (-1)
#define DEFAULT_VALUE (-1)

typedef struct Row {
  int32_t a;
  int32_t b;
  int32_t t;
} Row;

int32_t hash(int32_t a) {
  return a * 428916315;
}

void insert(Row * table, Row row) {
  long loc = hash(row.a) & MASK; // Entries are hashed on a
  long inc = 0;
  while (inc <= TABLE_SIZE) {
    loc = (loc + inc) & MASK;
    inc++;
    if (table[loc].a == DEFAULT_VALUE) {
      table[loc] = row;
      break;
    }
  }
}

int readChar(FILE * input, char * buffer, int * pos, int * limit) {
  if (*limit < *pos) {
    return buffer[(*limit)++];
  } else {
    *limit = 0;
    *pos = fread(buffer, sizeof(char), BUFFER_SIZE, input);
    if (*limit < *pos) {
      return buffer[(*limit)++];
    } else return END_OF_FILE;
  }
}

void readAll(char * fileName, Row * table) {
  char* buffer = (char*) malloc(sizeof(char) * BUFFER_SIZE);
  int limit = 0;
  int pos = 0;

  FILE * input = fopen(fileName, "rb");

  int lastRead;
  Row currentRow;
  uint32_t * currentElement = &(currentRow.a);

  // As with the Scala version, we read rows with an FSM. We can
  // roll up some of the code using the `currentElement` pointer
  while (1) {
    switch(lastRead = readChar(input, buffer, &pos, &limit)) {
      case END_OF_FILE:
        fclose(input);
        return;
      case ' ':
        if (currentElement == &(currentRow.a)) currentElement = &(currentRow.b);
        else currentElement = &(currentRow.t);
        break;
      case '\n':
        insert(table, currentRow);
        currentRow.a = 0;
        currentRow.b = 0;
        currentRow.t = 0;
        currentElement = &(currentRow.a);
        break;
      default:
        *currentElement = *currentElement * 10 + (lastRead - '0');
        break;
    }
  }
  //printf("Read %d", lastRead);
}

int main() {
  Row* table = (Row*) malloc(sizeof(Row) * TABLE_SIZE);
  memset(table, 255, sizeof(Row) * TABLE_SIZE);

  readAll("test.file", table);

  // We'll iterate through our hash table inline - passing a callback
  // is trickier in C than in Scala, so we just don't bother
  for (size_t i = 0; i < TABLE_SIZE; i++) {
    Row * this = table + i;
    if (this->a != DEFAULT_VALUE) {
      // Lookup entries `that`, where `that.a == this.b`
      long loc = hash(this->b) & MASK;
      long inc = 0;
      while (inc <= TABLE_SIZE) {
        loc = (loc + inc) & MASK;
        inc++;
        Row * that = table + loc;
        if ((this->b == that->a) && (0 <= that->t - this->t) && (that->t - this->t < 100)) {
          // Conditions are symmetric, so we output both rows
          printf("%d %d %d\n", this->a, this->b, this->t);
          printf("%d %d %d\n", that->a, that->b, that->t);
        }
        else if (that->b == DEFAULT_VALUE) break;
      }
    }
  }

  free(table);
  return 0;
}

Kompilasi dengan:

gcc -std=c99 -O3 -m64 filter.c

Dan jalankan dengan:

./a.out

Lokasi file uji dikodekan sebagai "test.file".

Sekali lagi, membaca data menghabiskan sebagian besar waktu (hanya di bawah 9 detik). Pencocokan membutuhkan sisa waktu.

Sekali lagi, akan menarik untuk melihat bagaimana ini bertentangan dengan jawaban Scott Leadley, yang menggunakan bahasa yang sama tetapi strategi yang berbeda. Scott bergabung di T, yang pada prinsipnya berarti ia akan lebih banyak bergabung, tetapi sekali lagi, bergabung dengan T memberikan lokalitas cache yang lebih baik.

perl, 17m46s pada inti i7 w / 8GB mem

Pertama, kami menggunakan sort -n -k3 untuk mendapatkan bidang yang paling penting secara berurutan, mengambil keuntungan dari paralelisme bawaan pada versi modern sort (1). Kemudian, karena perl sangat terhambat oleh fakta bahwa skalar sederhana mengambil urutan masing-masing 80 byte (50 juta * 3 * 80 terlalu banyak - setidaknya 12GB), kami menghirup output menjadi 50 juta * 12 byte array (12 byte per baris, setiap baris berisi 3 integer yang dapat direpresentasikan sebagai integer 32 bit). Lalu kami melepaskan 8 utas yang masing-masing mencakup (sekitar) 1/8 data (+ beberapa tumpang tindih).

#!perl

use strict;
use warnings;

# find lines s.t. $lines[$M]->{a} == $lines[$N]->{b} and
#                 0 <= $lines[$M]->{t} - $lines[$N]->{t} < 100
# OR              $lines[$M]->{b} == $lines[$N]->{a} and
#                 0 <= $lines[$N]->{t} - $lines[$M]->{t} < 100

my $infile = shift;
open(my $fh, "sort -n -k3 $infile |") || die "open sort pipe: $@";

my @lines;
my $bytes_per_int = 4;
my $bytes_per_line = $bytes_per_int * 3;
my $nlines = 50_000_000;
my $buf = "\0" x ($nlines * $bytes_per_line);
my $ln = 0;
my $nprocs = 8;
my $last_group_start = 0;
my $this_group_start;
my $group = $nlines / $nprocs;
my @pids;
while(<$fh>) {
  my ($A, $B, $T) = split/\s+/;
  substr($buf, $ln * $bytes_per_line, $bytes_per_line, pack "L3", ($A, $B, $T));
  if( defined $this_group_start ) {
    if( $T - $last_group_start >= $group + 100 ) {
      if(my $pid = fork()) {
        push @pids, $pid;
        $last_group_start = $this_group_start;
        undef $this_group_start;
      } else {
#warn "checking $last_group_start - $ln...\n";
        for(my $l=$last_group_start; $l<=$ln; ++$l) {
          my $lpos = $l * $bytes_per_line;
          my ($A, $B, $T) = unpack "L3", substr($buf, $lpos, $bytes_per_line);
          my ($lA, $lB);
          my $lT = $T;
          for(my $lb=$l; $lb>=$last_group_start && $T - $lT <= 100; $lb--, $lpos -= $bytes_per_line) {
            ($lA, $lB, $lT) = unpack "L3", substr($buf, $lpos, $bytes_per_line);
            if($A == $lB || $B == $lA) {
              #print "($last_group_start) $A $B $T matches $lA $lB $lT\n";
              print "$lA $lB $lT\n$A $B $T\n";
            }
          }
        }
        exit;
      }
    }
  } elsif( !defined $this_group_start && $T - $last_group_start >= $group ) {
    $this_group_start = $ln;
  }
  $ln++;
}

waitpid $_, 0 for @pids;

Output tidak disortir:

8455767 30937130 50130
20468509 8455767 50175
47249523 17051933 111141
17051933 34508661 111215
39504040 36752393 196668
42758015 39504040 196685
25072294 28422439 329284
35458609 25072294 329375
45340163 42711710 6480186
39315845 45340163 6480248
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47021378 32628418 26872908
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31332240 39704929 12269193
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43832763 45342283 30707519
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40746227 34776566 24700549
2387554 49015265 43057085
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23057202 13308993 30982514
34596334 23057202 30982553
44598498 31714790 43285828
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38273701 11976319 31179763
15344094 38273701 31179764
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12876654 3651338 37189007
10081580 3418061 37221143
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13914 8890169 37303853
8890169 14008003 37303898
18716557 29456130 49605004
29456130 16390535 49605083
15398102 22446674 43711290
22446674 38760679 43711383

Saya yakin ini akan menjadi urutan besarnya lebih cepat di C, tapi saya mungkin tidak akan meluangkan waktu untuk melakukannya.

C # - 30 Detik

Pendekatan yang berbeda dari kebanyakan jika saya membaca dengan benar - saya tidak menggunakan struktur berbasis hash.

Saya cenderung tidak mendapatkan hasil, tidak yakin apakah ini anomali statistik, atau kesalahan dalam alasan saya. Memperbaiki, perbandingan untuk jenis biner cacat.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace FilterFile
{
    class Program
    {
        const int COUNT = 50000000;

        static string inputFile = "data" + COUNT + ".txt";
        static string outputFile = "results.txt";

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Prepping Test");
            if (args.Length > 0) inputFile = args[0];
            if (args.Length > 1) outputFile = args[1];

            if (!File.Exists(inputFile))
            {
                Console.WriteLine(inputFile);

                File.WriteAllLines(inputFile,
                                     GenerateData(COUNT)
                                     .Select(r => string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", r.A, r.B, r.C)));
            }

            File.Delete("results.txt");

            Console.WriteLine("Starting Test \n\n");

            using (Timer.Create("Total Time"))
            {
                Row[] sortedA, sortedB;
                //http://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/26643/filter-a-large-file-quickly
                using (Timer.Create("Reading Data"))
                    FillData(out sortedA, out sortedB);

                using (Timer.Create("Parallel Sort A"))
                    ParallelSort.QuicksortParallel(sortedA);
                using (Timer.Create("Parallel Sort B"))
                    ParallelSort.QuicksortParallel(sortedB, (x, y) => x.B - y.B);

                object rLock = new object();
                List<Row> results = new List<Row>();

                var comparison = Comparer<Row>.Create((B, A) => B.B - A.A);
                using (Timer.Create("Compute Results"))
                    Parallel.ForEach(sortedA, row =>
                    //foreach (var row in sortedA)
                    {
                        var i = Array.BinarySearch(sortedB, row, comparison);
                        if (i < 0) return;

                        Row other;
                        bool solved = false;
                        for (var tempI = i; tempI < sortedB.Length && row.A == (other = sortedB[tempI]).B; tempI++)
                        {
                            var diff = row.C - other.C;
                            if (diff >= 0 && diff < 100)
                            {
                                lock (rLock) results.Add(row);
                                return;
                            }
                        }

                        for (var tempI = i - 1; tempI >= 0 && row.A == (other = sortedB[tempI]).B; tempI--)
                        {
                            var diff = row.C - other.C;
                            if (diff >= 0 && diff < 100)
                            {
                                lock (rLock) results.Add(row);
                                return;
                            }
                        }
                    });

                using (Timer.Create("Save Results"))
                {
                    File.WriteAllLines(outputFile, results.Select(r => r.ToString()));
                }
            }
        }

        private static void FillData(out Row[] sortedA, out Row[] sortedB)
        {
            var tempA = new Row[COUNT];
            var tempB = tempA;//new Row[COUNT];

            const int PARTITION_SIZE = 1 << 22;

            ReadAndSort(tempA, tempB, PARTITION_SIZE);

            sortedA = tempA;
            sortedB = new Row[COUNT];
            Array.Copy(sortedA, sortedB, COUNT);
            /*using (Timer.Create("MergeA"))
            {
                int destIndex = 0;
                int[][] partitions = Enumerable.Range(0, COUNT / PARTITION_SIZE + 1)
                    .Select(i => new[] { i * PARTITION_SIZE, Math.Min(i * PARTITION_SIZE + PARTITION_SIZE, COUNT) - 1 })
                    .ToArray();

                for (int i = 0; i < COUNT; i++)
                {
                    foreach (var partition in partitions)
                    {
                        while (partition[0] <= partition[1] && tempA[partition[0]].A == i)
                        {
                            sortedA[destIndex++] = tempA[partition[0]++];
                        }
                    }
                }
            }*/

            /*//Verify Paritioning Works
            var results = new List<Tuple<Row, int>> { Tuple.Create(tempA[0], 0) };
            for (int i = 1; i < tempA.Length; i++)
            {
                var r = tempA[i];
                if (r.A < tempA[i-1].A)
                    results.Add(Tuple.Create(r, i % PARTITION_SIZE));
            }
            results.ForEach(t => Console.WriteLine(t.Item1 + " " + t.Item2));*/
        }

        private static void ReadAndSort(Row[] tempA, Row[] tempB, int PARTITION_SIZE)
        {
            List<Task> tasks = new List<Task>();

            using (var stream = File.OpenRead(inputFile))
            {
                int b;
                int tempMember = 0;
                int memberIndex = 0;
                int elementIndex = 0;

                using (Timer.Create("Read From Disk"))
                    while ((b = stream.ReadByte()) >= 0)
                    {
                        switch (b)
                        {
                            case (byte)'\r':
                            case (byte)' ':
                                switch (memberIndex)
                                {
                                    case 0: tempA[elementIndex].A = tempMember; memberIndex = 1; break;
                                    case 1: tempA[elementIndex].B = tempMember; memberIndex = 2; break;
                                    case 2: tempA[elementIndex].C = tempMember; memberIndex = 0; break;
                                }
                                tempMember = 0;
                                break;
                            case (byte)'\n':
                                /*if (elementIndex % PARTITION_SIZE == 0 && elementIndex > 0)
                                {
                                    var copiedIndex = elementIndex;
                                    tasks.Add(Task.Run(() =>
                                    {
                                        var startIndex = copiedIndex - PARTITION_SIZE;
                                        Array.Copy(tempA, startIndex, tempB, startIndex, PARTITION_SIZE);
                                        ParallelSort.QuicksortSequentialInPlace(tempA, startIndex, copiedIndex - 1);
                                        ParallelSort.QuicksortSequentialInPlace(tempB, startIndex, copiedIndex - 1, (x, y) => x.B - y.B);
                                    }));
                                }*/
                                elementIndex++;
                                break;
                            default:
                                tempMember = tempMember * 10 + b - '0';
                                break;
                        }
                    }

                /* tasks.Add(Task.Run(() =>
                 {
                     elementIndex--;  //forget about the last \n
                     var startIndex = (elementIndex / PARTITION_SIZE) * PARTITION_SIZE;
                     Array.Copy(tempA, startIndex, tempB, startIndex, elementIndex - startIndex + 1);
                     ParallelSort.QuicksortParallelInPlace(tempA, startIndex, elementIndex);
                     ParallelSort.QuicksortSequentialInPlace(tempB, startIndex, elementIndex, (x, y) => x.B - y.B);
                 }));

                 using (Timer.Create("WaitForSortingToFinish"))
                     Task.WaitAll(tasks.ToArray());*/
            }
        }

        static Random rand = new Random();

        public struct Row : IComparable<Row>
        {
            public int A;
            public int B;
            public int C;
            public static Row RandomRow(int count)
            {
                return new Row { A = rand.Next(count), B = rand.Next(count), C = rand.Next(count) };
            }

            public int CompareTo(Row other)
            {
                return A - other.A;
            }

            public override string ToString()
            {
                return string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", A, B, C);
            }
        }

        public static Row[] GenerateData(int count)
        {
            var data = new Row[count];
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                data[i] = Row.RandomRow(count);
            return data;
        }

        public static Row[] GenerateSplitData(int count)
        {
            var data = new Row[count];
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                data[i] = Row.RandomRow(count);
            return data;
        }

        public class Timer : IDisposable
        {
            string message;
            Stopwatch sw;
            public static Timer Create(string message)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Started: " + message);
                var t = new Timer();
                t.message = message;
                t.sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
                return t;
            }
            public void Dispose()
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Finished: " + message + " in " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");
            }
        }

        // <summary> 
        /// Parallel quicksort algorithm. 
        /// </summary> 
        public class ParallelSort
        {
            const int SEQUENTIAL_THRESHOLD = 4096;
            #region Public Static Methods

            /// <summary> 
            /// Sequential quicksort. 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 
            /// <param name="arr"></param> 
            public static void QuicksortSequential<T>(T[] arr) where T : IComparable<T>
            {
                QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, 0, arr.Length - 1);
            }

            /// <summary> 
            /// Parallel quicksort 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 
            /// <param name="arr"></param> 
            public static void QuicksortParallel<T>(T[] arr) where T : IComparable<T>
            {
                QuicksortParallelInPlace(arr, 0, arr.Length - 1);
            }

            #endregion

            #region Private Static Methods

            public static void QuicksortSequentialInPlace<T>(T[] arr, int left, int right)
                where T : IComparable<T>
            {
                if (right > left)
                {
                    int pivot = Partition(arr, left, right);
                    QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, left, pivot - 1);
                    QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, pivot + 1, right);
                }
            }

            public static void QuicksortParallelInPlace<T>(T[] arr, int left, int right)
                where T : IComparable<T>
            {
                if (right > left)
                {
                    if (right - left < SEQUENTIAL_THRESHOLD)
                        QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, left, right);
                    else
                    {
                        int pivot = Partition(arr, left, right);
                        Parallel.Invoke(() => QuicksortParallelInPlace(arr, left, pivot - 1),
                                        () => QuicksortParallelInPlace(arr, pivot + 1, right));
                    }
                }
            }

            private static void Swap<T>(T[] arr, int i, int j)
            {
                T tmp = arr[i];
                arr[i] = arr[j];
                arr[j] = tmp;
            }

            private static int Partition<T>(T[] arr, int low, int high)
                where T : IComparable<T>
            {
                // Simple partitioning implementation 
                int pivotPos = (high + low) / 2;
                T pivot = arr[pivotPos];
                Swap(arr, low, pivotPos);

                int left = low;
                for (int i = low + 1; i <= high; i++)
                {
                    if (arr[i].CompareTo(pivot) < 0)
                    {
                        left++;
                        Swap(arr, i, left);
                    }
                }

                Swap(arr, low, left);
                return left;
            }

            #endregion

            #region Public Static Methods

            /// <summary> 
            /// Sequential quicksort. 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 
            /// <param name="arr"></param> 
            public static void QuicksortSequential<T>(T[] arr, Func<T, T, int> comparer)
            {
                QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, 0, arr.Length - 1, comparer);
            }

            /// <summary> 
            /// Parallel quicksort 
            /// </summary> 
            /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 
            /// <param name="arr"></param> 
            public static void QuicksortParallel<T>(T[] arr, Func<T, T, int> comparer)
            {
                QuicksortParallelInPlace(arr, 0, arr.Length - 1, comparer);
            }

            #endregion

            #region Private Static Methods

            public static void QuicksortSequentialInPlace<T>(T[] arr, int left, int right, Func<T, T, int> comparer)
            {
                if (right > left)
                {
                    int pivot = Partition(arr, left, right, comparer);
                    QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, left, pivot - 1, comparer);
                    QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, pivot + 1, right, comparer);
                }
            }

            public static void QuicksortParallelInPlace<T>(T[] arr, int left, int right, Func<T, T, int> comparer)
            {
                if (right > left)
                {
                    if (right - left < SEQUENTIAL_THRESHOLD)
                    {
                        QuicksortSequentialInPlace(arr, left, right, comparer);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        int pivot = Partition(arr, left, right, comparer);
                        Parallel.Invoke(() => QuicksortParallelInPlace(arr, left, pivot - 1, comparer),
                                        () => QuicksortParallelInPlace(arr, pivot + 1, right, comparer));
                    }
                }
            }

            private static int Partition<T>(T[] arr, int low, int high, Func<T, T, int> comparer)
            {
                // Simple partitioning implementation 
                int pivotPos = (high + low) / 2;
                T pivot = arr[pivotPos];
                Swap(arr, low, pivotPos);

                int left = low;
                for (int i = low + 1; i <= high; i++)
                {
                    if (comparer(arr[i], pivot) < 0)
                    {
                        left++;
                        Swap(arr, i, left);
                    }
                }

                Swap(arr, low, left);
                return left;
            }
            #endregion
        }
    }
}

C

Brutal, brute force, C. jelek di muka Anda. Pada saat do-over saya akan memilih bahasa kompilasi lainnya.

/*
Filter a file based on these rules:

Input:
    - each item is an ordered list of three integers ( A B T )
    - each line represents an item
    - each line is formated as <number> <w> <number> <w> <number>
    - <w> is whitespace (a single blank in the challenge)
    - <number> is an integer in the range 0..49_999_999
    - the first number on a line is A, second B, third T

Output a given item ( A B T ) if:
    1 - there exists an item ( C D U ) such that 0 <= T-U < 100 and D == A 
    OR
    2 - there exists an item ( C D U ) such that 0 <= U-T < 100 and B == C 

CLARIFICATION:
An item should be output only once, even if there is more than one match.

We're sorting on T, we know the number of Ts to be sorted and the Ts are random.
Trade space for speed and create a lookup table that can handle collisions
(AKA hash table).
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <assert.h>


#define NTHREADS    (16)
#define BINSPERTHREAD   (1*1000*1000)
bool    oneThread = false;

typedef struct {
    pthread_t   tid;
    long        begin;
    long        end;
} threadState;

void *initTID() {
    return NULL;
}


#define MAXITEMS    (50*1000*1000)
//  items on the boundary are not included in the search
#define SEARCHBOUNDARY  (100)


void usage(char *name) {
    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-n 1..%d]\n", name, MAXITEMS);
}

typedef struct item {
    long    A;
    long    B;
    long    T;
    bool    unprinted;
    struct item *b;         // b(ackward to previous item)
    struct item *f;         // f(orward to next item)
    struct item *BINb;          // backward to previous bin
    struct item *BINf;          // forward to next bin
#ifdef DEVTEST
    long    lineNumber;
#endif
} item;
#ifdef DEVTEST
bool    printVerbose = false;
#endif


//  Why global variables? Because large MAXITEMS overflow the stack.
long    maxItems;           // entries allocated in list & lookup
item    *list;
long    listN;              // number of entries (max index + 1)
item    **lookup;
long    lookupN;            // number of entries (max index + 1)


/*
input -
    n       - index of current bin
    list        - global
    lookup      - global
    lookupN     - global
side-effects -
    list[] (.unprinted)
    stdout
*/
static inline void *walkThisBin(long n) {
    item    *p;
    item    *searchHead;
    item    *searchTail;
    item    *currentItem;
    long    i;

    //  for all items in bin
    for ( currentItem = lookup[n]; currentItem != lookup[n]->BINf;
        currentItem = currentItem->f)
    {
    /*
        merged forward&backward search
    */
    searchHead = currentItem;
    //  step to index min((T+100-1),lookupN-1), find largest U<T+100
    i = ((n+SEARCHBOUNDARY-1) < lookupN) ?
        n+SEARCHBOUNDARY-1 :
        lookupN-1;
    //  find largest i such that U-T<100 (U is lookup[i]->T)
    //  degenerate case is i == n
    for(p=lookup[i];
        !((p->T-searchHead->T)<SEARCHBOUNDARY);
        p=lookup[i]) {
        i--;
    }
    searchTail = p->BINf;       // boundary, not included in search
    p = currentItem;
    do {
        if (searchHead->B == p->A) {
        //  matches are symmetric
        if (searchHead->unprinted) {
            printf("%ld %ld %ld\n", searchHead->A, searchHead->B,
            searchHead->T);
            searchHead->unprinted = false;
        }
        if (p->unprinted) {
            printf("%ld %ld %ld\n", p->A, p->B, p->T);
            p->unprinted = false;
        }
        }
        p = p->f;
    } while (p!=searchTail);
    }
    return NULL;
}

/*
Must handle out-of-range indexes for lookup.

input -
    n       - index of current bin
    list        - global
    lookup      - global
    lookupN     - global
side-effects -
    list (.unprinted)
    stdout
*/

static inline void *walkTheseBins(void *tState) {
    long    startIndex = ((threadState *)tState)->begin;
    long    finishIndex = ((threadState *)tState)->end;
    long    n;

    startIndex = (startIndex<0) ? 0 : startIndex;
    finishIndex = (finishIndex>lookupN-1) ? lookupN-1 : finishIndex;
    for (n=startIndex; n<=finishIndex; n++) {
    walkThisBin(n);
    }
    return NULL;
}


int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
#ifdef DEVTEST
item    *head;
item    *tail;
long    count = 0;
#endif
    //  subroutines? subroutines? we don't need no stinkin' subroutines
    //  this is all the scoping you're going to need
    //                      ... truuuuust me
    /*
    Allocate list[] and lookup[]. Set maxItems.

    input -
        argc
        argv
    side-effects -
        list
        lookup
        maxItems
        malloc()
        DEVTEST stuff
    */
    {
    int c;          // option character

    maxItems = MAXITEMS;
    while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, ":n:sv")) != -1) {
        switch(c) {
#ifdef DEVTEST
        case 'v':
        //  print some reassuring messages
        printVerbose = true;
        break;
#else
        case 'v':
        fprintf(stderr, "unknown option -%c\n", optopt);
        usage(argv[0]);
        exit(1);
        break;
#endif
        case 'n':
        if (sscanf(optarg, "%ld", &maxItems) != 1) {
            fprintf(stderr, "-n argument \"%s\" unscannable\n", optarg);
            usage(argv[0]);
            exit(1);
        }
        break;
        case 's':
        //  use only one thread?
        oneThread = true;
        break;
        case ':':           // -s needs an argument
        usage(argv[0]);
        exit(1);
        break;
        case '?':           // not a valid option
        fprintf(stderr, "unknown option -%c\n", optopt);
        usage(argv[0]);
        exit(1);
        break;
        }
    }
    if ((maxItems<1) || (maxItems>MAXITEMS)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "-s argument \"%ld\" out of range\n", maxItems);
        usage(argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    list = (item *) malloc(sizeof(item) * maxItems);
    if (list == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: list = malloc() failure\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    lookup = (item **) malloc(sizeof(item *) * maxItems);
    if (lookup == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: lookup = malloc() failure\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    }

    /*
    Convert STDIN into an array of items.

    input -
        list
        lookup
        maxItems
    side-effects -
        list
        lookup
        listN
        stdin
    */
    {
    long    largestT = 0;
    item    x;

    for (listN=0; scanf("%ld%ld%ld", &x.A, &x.B, &x.T)==3; listN++) {
        if (listN == maxItems) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: > %ld input items read\n", maxItems);
        exit(1);
        }
        x.b = x.f = NULL;
        x.unprinted = true;
        x.BINb = x.BINf = NULL;
        largestT = (x.T>largestT) ? x.T : largestT;
#ifdef DEVTEST
        x.lineNumber = listN + 1;
#endif
        list[listN] = x;
    }
    if (!feof(stdin)) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: ferror() = %d\n", ferror(stdin));
        exit(1);
    }
    //  Be paranoid. Because cores are obnoxious.
    if (largestT>=maxItems) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: T:%ld > %ld \n", largestT, maxItems-1);
        exit(1);
    }
    }
#ifdef DEVTEST
(printVerbose) && printf("in: %ld\n", listN);
#endif
    //  Short-circuit on 0 items. Simplifies things like finding the head.
    if  (listN == 0) {
    exit(0);
    }

    /*
    Populate the lookup table. Build a doubly linked list through it.

    input -
        list
        lookup
        listN
    side-effects -
        list[]
        lookup[]
        lookupN
        DEVTEST stuff
    */
    {
    long    n;

    /*
        Populate the lookup table. The lookup table is an array-of-lists.
    The lists are LIFO. This is the most primitive of hashes, where the
    key, item.T, is used as the index into the lookup table.
    */
    for (n=0; n<maxItems; n++) {
        lookup[n] = NULL;
    }
    for (n=0; n<listN; n++) {
        long    t = list[n].T;

        if (lookup[t] == NULL) {
        lookup[t] = &(list[n]);
        } else {
        // collision
        list[n].f = lookup[t];  // forward pointer assigned
        lookup[t] = &(list[n]);
        }
    }
    /*
        Collapse lookup to squeeze out NULL references. This breaks
    the linear mapping between T value & lookup index, but worth it for
    simpler search logic. Build a doubly linked list of bins.
    */
    item    *previousBin = NULL;    // last non-NULL lookup entry
    lookupN = 0;
    for (n=0; n<maxItems; n++) {
        if (lookup[n] != NULL) {
        lookup[lookupN] = lookup[n];
        lookup[lookupN]->BINb = previousBin;
        if (previousBin) {
            previousBin->BINf = lookup[lookupN];
        }
        previousBin = lookup[lookupN];
        lookupN++;
        }
    }
    previousBin->BINf = NULL;

    /*
        Build a doubly linked list. The forward pointers already exist
    within each lookup table bin.
    */
    item    *p;
    item    *binHead;
    item    *previous;

    //  create a loop in each bin
    for (n=0; n<lookupN; n++) {
#ifdef DEVTEST
count++;
#endif
        binHead = lookup[n];
        for (p=binHead; p->f; p=p->f) {
        p->f->b = p;
#ifdef DEVTEST
count++;
#endif
        }
        p->f = binHead;
        binHead->b = p;
    }
    //  break the loops and connect them tail-to-head
#ifdef DEVTEST
head = lookup[0];
#endif
    previous = NULL;
    for (n=0; n<lookupN; n++) {
        binHead = lookup[n];
        p = binHead->b;     // p => tail of this bin list
        binHead->b = previous;  // connect bin head to list
        if (previous) {     // connect list to bin head
        previous->f = binHead;
        }
        previous = p;
    }
    previous->f = NULL;
#ifdef DEVTEST
tail = previous;
#endif
    }

#ifdef DEVTEST
if (printVerbose) {
    printf("out: %ld\n", count);

    //  run through the list forwards
    item    *p;
    count = 0;
    for (p=head; p; p=p->f) {
    count++;
    }
    printf("forwards: %ld\n", count);
    //  run through the list backwards
    count = 0;
    for (p=tail; p; p=p->b) {
    count++;
    }
    printf("backwards: %ld\n", count);
    /*
        //  print the list
        for (p=head; p; p=p->f) {
        printf("%ld %ld %ld\n", p->A, p->B, p->T);
        }
    */
}
#endif

    /*
    Find matches & print.

    (authoritative statement)
    Print item ( A B T ) if:
    1 - there exists an item ( C D U ) such that 0 <= T-U < 100 and D == A 
        OR
    2 - there exists an item ( C D U ) such that 0 <= U-T < 100 and B == C 


    TBD
    - threading


    input -
        lookupN
    side-effects -
        lots hidden in walkTheseBins(), all thread-local or thread-safe
    */
    {
    volatile threadState    tState[NTHREADS]; // use as cicular buffer
    long                h;  // cicular buffer head
    long                n;

    if (oneThread) {
        tState[0].begin = 0;
        tState[0].end = lookupN-1;
        walkTheseBins((void *)tState);
    } else {
        //  every slot has a thread to wait for
        for (h=0; h<NTHREADS; h++) {
        assert( pthread_create(&(tState[h].tid), NULL, initTID, NULL) == 0);
        }
        h = 0;
        for (n=0; n<lookupN+BINSPERTHREAD; n+=BINSPERTHREAD) {
        pthread_join(tState[h].tid, NULL);
        tState[h].begin = n;
        tState[h].end = n + BINSPERTHREAD - 1;
        assert( pthread_create(&(tState[h].tid), NULL, walkTheseBins, (void *)(tState+h)) == 0);
        h = (h + 1) % NTHREADS;
        }
        //  wait for any remaining threads
        for (h=0; h<NTHREADS; h++) {
        pthread_join(tState[h].tid, NULL); // may have already join'ed some
        }
    }
    }

    return 0;
}

Kompilasi dengan "gcc -m64 -pthreads -O". Diharapkan input pada stdin. Berjalan multi-utas secara default. Gunakan opsi "-s" untuk hanya menggunakan satu utas.

Saya akhirnya mendapat kesempatan untuk membangun sistem Ubuntu 14.04 fisik yang mirip dengan Lembik dan melakukan post-mortem pada solusi saya untuk puzzle ini. Dalam pilihan saya yang penting:

1. Master sejati adalah James_pic, karena ia tidak mengoptimalkan secara prematur.
   • dia punya rencana
   • ia melaksanakan rencana itu pada tingkat abstraksi (Scala) yang tinggi dan memperbaikinya di sana
   • dia memperbaikinya lebih lanjut dalam C
   • dia tidak terlalu memperhalusnya (lihat poin berikutnya)
2. Waktu sistem I / O sistem mungkin merupakan batas bawah pada waktu yang telah berlalu untuk sistem target.
   • Lembik menyinggung ini, yaitu "Para pemenang ... keduanya hampir secepat wc!"
3. Beberapa alasan solusi awal saya terhenti adalah tidak bekerja:
   • Lokalitas referensi adalah faktor dominan pada sistem target.
   • Mengurutkan pada A atau B adalah ide yang baik ketika melakukan pengurutan. Mengurutkan pada T menambah kompleksitas (dan tipuan cache-hostile) ke hash sort, setidaknya seperti yang saya lakukan.
   • Scanf () adalah seekor babi.
   • Bandwidth besar-besaran (disk-> memori-> cache) mengubah letak kemacetan. Sistem target tidak memiliki bandwidth besar. (lihat poin berikutnya)
4. Pengembangan cepat bekerja paling baik jika dilakukan di lingkungan target.
   • Duh! Tapi, saya terjebak dengan Solaris / SPARC awalnya dan tidak bisa bermain sebaliknya.
   • Sulit untuk menghilangkan efek caching di lingkungan tervirtualisasi dan SAN.
   • VM Linux biasanya memiliki masalah yang sama.
5. Sedikit matematika membantu.
   • Mengambil satu tuple langsung dari tabel hash memotong kemungkinan referensi tidak langsung menjadi ~ 37% (~ 1 / e).
   • Mengambil dua tupel langsung dari tabel hash akan memotong referensi ke tabel overflow hingga ~ 10%. Itu tidak perlu.
6. Model memori 32-bit (gcc -m32) adalah pengalih perhatian.
   • Terkadang kemenangan kecil untuk program-program yang tidak terbaca, terkadang kerugian kecil.
   • Terkadang kerugian yang signifikan untuk program berulir.
   • Jika 32-bit adalah kemenangan yang signifikan (dan targetnya bukan pengontrol tertanam), mungkin lebih murah untuk menyegarkan perangkat keras.
   • Ambil register ekstra dan ruang alamat yang lebih besar dan jangan melihat ke belakang.
7. Scanf () adalah babi, tetapi menggunakan stdio bukan tanpa harapan.
   • Sebagian besar overhead scanf () tampaknya berada dalam format parsing dan string ke konversi integer.
   • Mengganti sscanf () dengan:
     • strtok () + atoi () adalah ~ 2x lebih cepat (lihat tabel di bawah)
     • strtol () adalah ~ 3x lebih cepat
     • custom, strtol lokal () ~ 6.5x lebih cepat
     • mengganti strtol () dengan solusi lokal membuatnya setara dengan "wc"
     • FSM menggunakan getc_unlocked () hampir secepat solusi mmap () minimalis Keith Randall
     • hasil percobaan saya saat menerapkan kembali dalam C [di CSV, karena Stack Exchange tampaknya tidak melakukan tabel]:

       
       "solution (64-bit unless noted)","disposition of input","user","system","elapsed"
       "dd if=? of=/dev/null bs=1024k","","0.010","1.107","26.47"
       "wc {LANG=C}","","4.921","0.752","26.38"
       "","","","",""
       "fscanf()","discard","13.130","0.490","26.43"
       "fgets(), no integer conversion","discard","1.636","0.468","26.42"
       "fgets() + sscanf()","discard","16.173","0.498","26.48"
       "fgets() + strtok(), no integer conversion","discard","4.659","0.481","26.48"
       "fgets() + strtok() + atoi()","discard","8.929","0.490","26.49"
       "fgets() + strtol()","discard","6.009","0.483","26.50"
       "fgets() + custom-strtol()","discard","3.842","0.474","26.43"
       "fgets() + custom-strtol()","sort (load hash) while reading","7.118","1.207","26.70"
       "fgets() + custom-strtol()","sort, match & print","10.096","1.357","28.40"
       "fgets() + custom-strtol(), 32-bit","sort, match & print","10.065","1.159","28.38"
       "","","","",""
       "james_pic's solution","sort, match & print","9.764","1.113","28.21"
       

Daripada membuat Anda bosan dengan parser FSM lain, solusi di bawah ini menggunakan pengganti fgets () dan lokal strtol () [cari s2i ()].

Implementasi referensi di Ruby:

#!/usr/bin/ruby2.0
# only tested against ruby v1.9 & v2.0
=begin
Filter a file based on these rules:
Input:
  - each line is a set of three integers
  - each line is formatted as <number> <w> <number> <w> <number>
    - <w> is whitespace (a single blank in the challenge)
    - <number> is an integer in the range 1..50_000_000
Output a given tuple ( A B T ) if:
  - there exists a tuple ( C D U ) 0 <= T - U < 100 and D == A
    OR
  - there exists a tuple ( C D U ) 0 <= U - T < 100 and B == C

Typical use:
  filter.rb test.input | sort | uniq > test.output
=end
list = Array.new
lookupB = Hash.new { |hash, key| hash[key] = Array.new }
ARGF.each_with_index do |line, index|
  abt = line.split.map { |s| s.to_i }
  list << abt
  lookupB[abt[1]] << index
end
for abt in list do
  for i in Array( lookupB[abt[0]] ) do
    delta = abt[2] - list[i][2]     # T - U
    if (0<=delta) && (delta<100)
      puts "#{abt.join(' ')}"
      puts "#{list[i].join(' ')}"
    end
  end
end

Ini adalah anjing, ~ 50x lebih lambat dari solusi C, tetapi perl sama lambat dan kurang ringkas.

Solusi C:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
//      Throw caution, and error checking, to the winds.
// #include <assert.h>

#define RANGEMIN        (1)
#define RANGEMAX        (50*1000*1000)
#define SEARCHBOUNDARY  (100)
typedef struct {
    int             A;
    int             B;
    int             T;
} tuple_t;
typedef struct bin {
    tuple_t         slot;
    struct bin     *next;       // NULL=>0 items, self=>1 item, other=>overflow
} bin_t;
#define LISTSIZE        (RANGEMAX)
tuple_t         list[LISTSIZE];
#define HASH(x)         (x-1)
#define LOOKUPSIZE      (LISTSIZE)
bin_t           lookup[LOOKUPSIZE];
bin_t           overflow[LISTSIZE];
int             overflowNext = 0;

// based on strtol()
static inline int s2i(char *s, char **r)
{
    char            c;
    int             l = 0;

    do {
        c = *s++;
    } while (!isdigit(c));
    do {
        l = l * 10 + (c - '0');
        c = *s++;
    } while (isdigit(c));
    *r = s - 1;
    return l;
}

static inline void lookupInsert(tuple_t x)
{
    bin_t          *p = lookup + HASH(x.B);

    if (p->next) {
        overflow[overflowNext].slot = x;
        overflow[overflowNext].next = (p->next == p) ? p : p->next;
        p->next = overflow + overflowNext;
        overflowNext++;
    } else {
        p->slot = x;
        p->next = p;
    }
}

static void printOverflow(bin_t * head, bin_t * tail)
{
    if (head->next != tail) {
        printOverflow(head->next, tail);
    }
    printf("%d %d %d\n", head->slot.A, head->slot.B, head->slot.T);
}

static inline void dumpLookupSortedOnB()
{
    bin_t          *p;

    for (p = lookup; p < (lookup + LOOKUPSIZE); p++) {
        if (p->next) {
            printf("%d %d %d\n", p->slot.A, p->slot.B, p->slot.T);
            if (p != p->next) {
                printOverflow(p->next, p);
            }
        }
    }
}

static inline void printIfMatch(tuple_t abt, tuple_t cdu)
{
    int             A, B, T;
    int             C, D, U;

    A = abt.A;
    D = cdu.B;
    if (D == A) {
        T = abt.T;
        U = cdu.T;
        if ((0 <= (T - U)) && ((T - U) < SEARCHBOUNDARY)) {
            B = abt.B;
            C = cdu.A;
            printf("%d %d %d\n", A, B, T);
            printf("%d %d %d\n", C, D, U);
        }
    }
}

static inline void printMatches(int n)
{
    tuple_t        *p;

    for (p = list; p < (list + n); p++) {
        bin_t          *b = lookup + HASH(p->A);

        if (b->next) {
            bin_t          *q;

            printIfMatch(*p, b->slot);
            for (q = b->next; q != b; q = q->next) {
                printIfMatch(*p, q->slot);
            }
        }
    }
}

static inline void overflowTattle(int n)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "%d/%d items in overflow\n", overflowNext, n);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int             n;

    // initialize lookup[]
    {
        bin_t          *p = lookup;

        for (n = 0; n < LOOKUPSIZE; n++) {
            p->next = NULL;
            p++;
        }
    }
    // read all tuples into list[] and insert into lookup[] & overflow[]
    {
        char            line[64];
        char           *lp;
        tuple_t        *p = list;

        for (n = 0; fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin); n++) {
            p->A = s2i(line, &lp);
            p->B = s2i(lp, &lp);
            p->T = s2i(lp, &lp);
            lookupInsert(*p);
            p++;
        }
    }
    printMatches(n);
    exit(0);
}

Kompilasi dengan "gcc -O3 -std = c99 -Wall -m64".