Hasilkan pesan kesalahan terpanjang di C ++

89

Menulis sebuah program pendek, yang akan menghasilkan pesan kesalahan selama mungkin, dalam standar C ++ compiler ( gcc, cl.exe, icc, atau clang).

Skor setiap entri adalah jumlah karakter dalam pesan kesalahan terpanjang yang dikompilasi oleh kompiler. Jenis yang termasuk dalam kode sumber Anda dan dikutip oleh kompiler dihitung sebagai satu karakter.

Selingkuh

Anda selalu dapat mendefinisikan ulang templat di templat di templat dengan nama yang panjang, tapi saya mengharapkan sesuatu yang kreatif. Saya mencoba untuk mencegah beberapa dari itu dengan aturan terakhir, tetapi tentu saja aturannya bisa lebih baik, dan saya akan senang untuk perbaikan.

code-challenge c++ error-message Elazar Leibovich
sumber
3
Mengedit tag. Saya akui bahwa [kompleksitas-kolmogorov] sedikit berlebihan , tapi saya pikir ini ekspresif dalam kasus ini.
dmckee
23
Mungkin Anda harus pergi untuk rasio: Error.message.length / code.length.
pengguna tidak diketahui
Terkait: codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/5802/…
Ilmari Karonen

Jawaban:

52

Pesan kesalahan template menyenangkan untuk diuraikan. Pertimbangkan ini:

#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
int main()
{
    int a;
    std::vector< std::vector <int> > v;
    std::vector< std::vector <int> >::const_iterator it = std::find( v.begin(), v.end(), a );
}

Kompilasi dengan gcc -c error.cpp(4.6.3) akan menghasilkan 15786 byte output, dengan garis terpanjang 330 karakter.

Dalam file termasuk dari /usr/include/c++/4.6/algorithm:63-05,
                 dari error_code.cpp: 2:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h: Dalam fungsi '_RandomAccessIterator std :: __ find (_RandomAccessIterator, const _Tp &, std :: random_access_iterator_tag) [dengan _RandomAktor _terkaca _terkemah _terkaca _terkemah _kabel _kabel _terkrip dengan _terkemah _kabel _terpengalaman _terpengguna_keterangan _terpengguna_terkait dengan _random_terkabel _terkaca _terkemah _keterangan _terpengalaman _terkrip dengan: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. >>, _Tp = int] ':
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:4403:45: instantiated dari '_IIter std :: find (_IIter, _IIter, const _Tp &) [dengan _IIter = __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator *, std :: vektor> >, _Tp = int] '
error_code.cpp: 8: 89: dibuat dari sini
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:162:4: error: tidak cocok untuk 'operator ==' di '__first .__ gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: operator * [dengan _Iterator = std :: vector * , _Container = std :: vector>, __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: reference = std :: vector &] () == __val '
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:162:4: note: kandidat adalah:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_pair.h:201-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pair &, const std :: pair &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h://85: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:335-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:122-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:127-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_vector.h:1273-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: vector &, const std :: vector &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/new_allocator.h:123-5: note: bool template __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &, const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:805#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:799#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:4403:45: instantiated dari '_IIter std :: find (_IIter, _IIter, const _Tp &) [dengan _IIter = __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator *, std :: vektor> >, _Tp = int] '
error_code.cpp: 8: 89: dibuat dari sini
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:166:4: error: tidak cocok untuk 'operator ==' di '__first .__ gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: operator * [dengan _Iterator = std :: vector * , _Container = std :: vector>, __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: reference = std :: vector &] () == __val '
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:166:4: note: kandidat adalah:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_pair.h:201-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pair &, const std :: pair &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h://85: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:335-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:122-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:127-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_vector.h:1273-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: vector &, const std :: vector &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/new_allocator.h:123-5: note: bool template __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &, const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:805#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:799#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:170:4: kesalahan: tidak cocok untuk 'operator ==' di '__first .__ gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: operator * [dengan _Iterator = std :: vector * , _Container = std :: vector>, __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: reference = std :: vector &] () == __val '
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:170:4: note: kandidat adalah:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_pair.h:201-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pair &, const std :: pair &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h://85: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:335-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:122-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:127-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_vector.h:1273-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: vector &, const std :: vector &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/new_allocator.h:123-5: note: bool template __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &, const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:805#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:799#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:174:4: error: tidak cocok untuk 'operator ==' di '__first .__ gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: operator * [dengan _Iterator = std :: vector * , _Container = std :: vector>, __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: reference = std :: vector &] () == __val '
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:174:4: note: kandidat adalah:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_pair.h:201-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pair &, const std :: pair &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h://85: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:335-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:122-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:127-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_vector.h:1273-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: vector &, const std :: vector &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/new_allocator.h:123-5: note: bool template __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &, const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:805#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:799#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:182:4: error: tidak cocok untuk 'operator ==' di '__first .__ gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: operator * [dengan _Iterator = std :: vector * , _Container = std :: vector>, __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: reference = std :: vector &] () == __val '
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:182:4: note: kandidat adalah:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_pair.h:201-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pair &, const std :: pair &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h://85: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:335-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:122-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:127-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_vector.h:1273-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: vector &, const std :: vector &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/new_allocator.h:123-5: note: bool template __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &, const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:805#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:799#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:186:4: error: tidak cocok untuk 'operator ==' di '__first .__ gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: operator * [dengan _Iterator = std :: vector * , _Container = std :: vector>, __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: reference = std :: vector &] () == __val '
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:186:4: note: kandidat adalah:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_pair.h:201-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pair &, const std :: pair &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h://85: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:335-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:122-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:127-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_vector.h:1273-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: vector &, const std :: vector &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/new_allocator.h:123-5: note: bool template __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &, const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:805#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:799#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:190:4: error: tidak cocok dengan 'operator ==' di '__first .__ gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: operator * [dengan _Iterator = std :: vector * , _Container = std :: vector>, __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator :: reference = std :: vector &] () == __val '
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_algo.h:190:4: note: kandidat adalah:
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_pair.h:201-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pair &, const std :: pair &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h://85: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:335-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: reverse_iterator &, const std :: reverse_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:122-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/allocator.h:127-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: pengalokasi &, const std :: pengalokasi &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_vector.h:1273-5: note: template bool std :: operator == (const std :: vector &, const std :: vector &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/ext/new_allocator.h:123-5: note: bool template __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &, const __gnu_cxx :: new_allocator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:805#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)
/usr/include/c++/4.6/bits/stl_iterator.h:799#: note: templat bool __gnu_cxx :: operator == (const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &, const __gnu_cxx :: __ normal_iterator &)

Sunting 2016-04-29: gcc 5.3.0 membuatnya sedikit lebih baik: hanya 9300 byte, baris terpanjang 361 karakter ...

Edit 2019-04-04: gcc 6.5.0: 11237 byte, tetapi memberikan beberapa petunjuk tentang kesalahan, seperti pada baris tesis:

error.cpp: 7: 92: diperlukan dari sini
/usr/include/c++/6/bits/predefined_ops.h:199:17: kesalahan: tidak ada kecocokan untuk 'operator ==' (tipe operan adalah 'std :: vector' dan 'const int')
  {return * __ it == _M_value; }
           ~~~~~~ ^ ~~~~~~~~~~
kebs
sumber
120

19 karakter

Buat file a.cppdengan konten ini: 

#include __FILE__
p;

Kompilasi sebagai: 

g++ a.cpp

dan dapatkan pesan kesalahan 21300 baris yang luar biasa : 

In file included from a.cpp:1:0,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1,

...

... 21280 garis kesalahan ...
... 

In file included from a.cpp:1:0,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1:
a.cpp:2:1: error: ‘p’ does not name a type
In file included from a.cpp:1:0,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1:
a.cpp:2:1: error: ‘p’ does not name a type
In file included from a.cpp:1:0,
                 from a.cpp:1,
                 from a.cpp:1:
a.cpp:2:1: error: ‘p’ does not name a type
In file included from a.cpp:1:0,
                 from a.cpp:1:
a.cpp:2:1: error: ‘p’ does not name a type
In file included from a.cpp:1:0:
a.cpp:2:1: error: ‘p’ does not name a type
a.cpp:2:1: error: ‘p’ does not name a type
BЈовић
sumber
8
+1. Favorit hakim. Tidak memikirkan penyalahgunaan khusus ini.
Elazar Leibovich
1
Hm Bagaimana dengan #include __FILE__dan nama file yang sangat panjang ..?
AKX
1
@Rob ini berisi file yang sama berulang-ulang, dan itu mendefinisikan ulang utama setiap waktu.
BЈовић
4
Suara positif
2
Di mesin Windows saya, Dentang menghasilkan output yang lebih lama, lebih dari 8 MB (!!!) ketika dikompilasi dengan clang++ -ferrorlimit=1000 a.cpp. Baris terpanjang adalah 466 karakter.
bwDraco
48

98 karakter (diperlukan):

template<class T>struct W{T v;W(T v):v(v){}};
template<class T>int f(T x){f(W<T>(x));}
main(){f(0);}

Menghasilkan output kesalahan berikut dalam GCC (4.4.5):

golf.cpp: In function ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >]’:
golf.cpp:2: error: template instantiation depth exceeds maximum of 500 (use -ftemplate-depth-NN to increase the maximum) instantiating ‘struct W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >]’

... snip ...

golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<W<int> > > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<W<int> > >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<W<int> >]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = W<int>]’
golf.cpp:2:   instantiated from ‘int f(T) [with T = int]’
golf.cpp:3:   instantiated from here

golf.cpp:2: error: invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >’
golf.cpp:1: error: declaration of ‘struct W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<W<int> > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >’

Statistik:

$ g++ golf.cpp 2>&1 | wc -c
537854
$ clang golf.cpp 2>&1 | wc -c
22666
$ g++ -ftemplate-depth-10000 golf.cpp 2>&1 | wc -c # 268+ MB of RAM and almost 15 minutes
200750356

Tidak dikumpulkan (menghasilkan output yang lebih lama):

template<class T>
struct Wrap {
    T value;
    Wrap(T v) : value(v) {}
};

template<class T>
void func(T x)
{
    func(Wrap<T>(x));
}

int main(void)
{
    func(0);
    return 0;
}

Saya menemukan ini ketika saya ingin melihat apakah C ++ mendukung rekursi polimorfik (dan, seperti yang Anda lihat dengan jelas, tidak). Berikut adalah contoh sepele rekursi polimorfik di Haskell:

Prelude> let f :: (Show a) => a -> String; f x = show x ++ " " ++ f [x]
Prelude> f 0
"0 [0] [[0]] [[[0]]] [[[[0]]]] [[[[[0]]]]] [[[[[[0]]]]]] [[[[[[[0]]]]]]] [[[[[[[[0]] ...

Di sini, ini membutuhkan Haskell untuk bertindak seperti itu instantiates Show x, Show [x], Show [[x]], Show [[[x]]], tak terhingga. Haskell melakukannya dengan mengubah (Show x) =>menjadi parameter implisit ke fungsi yang fditambahkan oleh kompiler, sesuatu seperti ini:

type Show a = a -> String

showList :: Show a -> [a] -> String
showList show []     = "[]"
showList show (x:xs) = '[' : show x ++ showItems xs where
    showItems []     = "]"
    showItems (x:xs) = ',' : show x ++ showItems xs

f :: Show a -> a -> String
f show x = show x ++ " " ++ f (showList show) [x]

C ++ melakukannya dengan benar-benar mencoba untuk membangun contoh tersebut sampai kedalaman instantiation template terlampaui.

Joey Adams
sumber
6
Meningkat menjadi 102 byte ( cltidak suka implisit intdalam mode C ++) itu menghasilkan 14.380.923 byte output kesalahan setelah 4½ menit waktu CPU dan puncak sekitar 100 MiB penggunaan memori.
Joey
Bisakah Anda menjelaskan apa yang Anda coba capai dengan rekursi polimorfik? Karena dalam sebuah contoh baik di Haskell, dan di C ++ prosesnya tidak terbatas, hanya perbedaannya yang terjadi dalam jangka waktu run atau kompilasi.
sukhmel
@sukhmel Tidak, karena Haskell malas, ia akan dikompilasi dan dijalankan (seperti yang diperagakan)
cat
@ kucing saya belum menyiratkan itu tidak akan berjalan, saya menunjukkan bahwa lari seperti itu tidak akan pernah berhenti, atau akankah itu? Meskipun saya mengira bahwa dalam apa yang Joey coba capai seharusnya ada kondisi berhenti dalam kasus templat tertentu, itu sebabnya saya bertanya-tanya untuk apa ide di balik mencoba rekursi polimorfik.
sukhmel
41

Berdasarkan rasio panjang pesan / panjang kode, ini mungkin solusi terbaik:

Pesan (81):

code: file not recognized: File truncated  
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

81/0 = Inf

serius
sumber
13
+1 Cara pintar, rasio terbaik! Tapi bukan pesan lagi ...
Synxis
1
Pesannya sebenarnya 81 byte. Bukan itu penting, tetapi hanya FYI
caird coinheringaahing
37

279 karakter

#define A(s) s##s##s##s##s##s##s##s
#define B(s) A(s##s##s##s##s##s##s##s)
#define C(s) B(s##s##s##s##s##s##s##s)
#define D(s) C(s##s##s##s##s##s##s##s)
#define E(s) D(s##s##s##s##s##s##s##s)
#define F(s) E(s##s##s##s##s##s##s##s)
#define G(s) F(s##s##s##s##s##s##s##s)
a G(foo)

Dengan gcc 4.2.1, menghasilkan kesalahan error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘foofoo....foofoo’dengan 2 ^ 21 salinan foo. Semuanya 6.291.558 byte. Ini tentang pengidentifikasi sebesar yang saya dapat, menggantikan foodengan foodmenghasilkan ICE.

Keith Randall
sumber
19
gcc 4.4.5 segfault. Menang!
Joey Adams
8
@ JoeyAdams: Silakan laporkan ini sebagai bug selain
the_drow
9
@the_drow Ini adalah fitur.
Mateen Ulhaq
1
@muntoo: Bagaimana bisa? ICE tidak pernah merupakan ide yang baik.
the_drow
2
Pola seperti ini akan membuat Anda lebih lanjut: #define A(s) s##s##s##s #define B(s) A(s) #define C(s) B(B(B(s))) #define D(s) C(C(C(s))) D(foo). Ini memberi saya pesan kesalahan tentang selama dengan kode jauh lebih sedikit, dan tumbuh lebih cepat dengan meningkatkan pola di dimensi apa pun, karena kami pada dasarnya menerapkan fungsi Ackermann.
David Stone
24

Mirip dengan VJo:
a.cpp:

int main() { return  
#include "a.cpp"  
#include "a.cpp"  
}

g ++ a.cpp

menghasilkan banyak output (setidaknya 2 gigabyte sebelum saya membunuhnya)

cozzyd
sumber
22

Kode berikut didasarkan pada kesalahan aktual yang pernah saya temui.

template <int i>
void bar();

template <int i>
void foo()
{
    bar<i>();
    char baz[i];
}

template <int i>
void bar()
{
    foo<i-1>();
}


int main(void)
{
    foo<2000>();

    return 0;
}

(menggunakan gcc)

Rekursi templat yang cukup jelas, tetapi karena saya gunakan ftemplate-depth=100000untuk menjalankan ini tidak menghasilkan kesalahan. Sumber sebenarnya dari pesan kesalahan berasal char baz[i];, yang menghasilkan kesalahan saat iturun ke -1.

Setelah sekitar setengah jam, saya duduk di 21.000 kesalahan kompiler , 300.000 baris pesan kesalahan , dan 280 megabita RAM yang digunakan oleh kompiler. Dan itu tidak menunjukkan tanda-tanda berhenti.

SUNTING:

Satu jam kemudian, sekarang ada 36.000 kesalahan kompiler , 504.000 baris pesan kesalahan , dan 480 megabita RAM ... dan masih berjalan.

EDIT # 2:

Sekitar setengah jam kemudian:

ccplus1.exe has stopped working

Statistik akhir: 38.876 kesalahan kompiler , 544.624 baris pesan kesalahan, total data 48,8 megabita , dan 518,9 megabita RAM yang digunakan oleh kompiler sebelum terhenti .

ApproachingDarknessFish
sumber
2
Saya yakin tidak ada satu pun dari pesan kesalahan itu yang mengarah ke masalah sebenarnya ... yang merupakan tipikal dari kesalahan ketik STL rata-rata.
Mark Lakata
21

28 byte

Menyabotase perpustakaan standar:

#define std +
#include<map>

Menggunakan dentang pada OS X 10.9:

c++ foo.cpp -o foo -ferror-limit=-1
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:422:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__config:347:11: error: expected identifier or '{'
namespace std {
          ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:422:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__config:347:11: error: expected external declaration
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:422:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__config:347:15: error: expected unqualified-id
namespace std {
              ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:15:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/iterator:330:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/type_traits:203:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/cstddef:50:1: error: expected identifier or '{'
_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__config:343:47: note: expanded from macro '_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD'
#define _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD namespace std {inline namespace _LIBCPP_NAMESPACE {
                                              ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:15:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/iterator:330:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/type_traits:203:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/cstddef:50:1: error: expected external declaration
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__config:343:47: note: expanded from macro '_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD'
#define _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD namespace std {inline namespace _LIBCPP_NAMESPACE {
                                              ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:15:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/iterator:330:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/type_traits:203:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/cstddef:50:1: error: expected unqualified-id

[[SNIP...]]

_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new(std::size_t __sz)
                             ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:132:43: error: expected parameter declarator
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new(std::size_t __sz, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT _NOALIAS;
                                          ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:16:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:597:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:132:43: error: expected ')'
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:132:42: note: to match this '('
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new(std::size_t __sz, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT _NOALIAS;
                                         ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:134:63: error: C++ requires a type specifier for all declarations
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void  operator delete(void* __p, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT;
                                                        ~~~~~ ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:16:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:597:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:134:63: error: expected ')'
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:134:45: note: to match this '('
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void  operator delete(void* __p, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT;
                                            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:136:45: error: expected parameter declarator
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new[](std::size_t __sz)
                                            ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:16:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:597:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:136:45: error: expected ')'
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:136:44: note: to match this '('
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new[](std::size_t __sz)
                                           ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:138:11: error: expected a type
    throw(std::bad_alloc)
          ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:16:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:597:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:138:11: error: expected ')'
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:138:10: note: to match this '('
    throw(std::bad_alloc)
         ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:136:30: error: 'operator new[]' must have at least one parameter
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new[](std::size_t __sz)
                             ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:141:45: error: expected parameter declarator
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new[](std::size_t __sz, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT _NOALIAS;
                                            ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:16:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:597:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:141:45: error: expected ')'
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:141:44: note: to match this '('
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void* operator new[](std::size_t __sz, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT _NOALIAS;
                                           ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:143:65: error: C++ requires a type specifier for all declarations
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void  operator delete[](void* __p, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT;
                                                          ~~~~~ ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:16:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:597:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:143:65: error: expected ')'
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:143:47: note: to match this '('
_LIBCPP_NEW_DELETE_VIS void  operator delete[](void* __p, const std::nothrow_t&) _NOEXCEPT;
                                              ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:145:55: error: expected parameter declarator
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void* operator new  (std::size_t, void* __p) _NOEXCEPT {return __p;}
                                                      ^
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
In file included from foo.cpp:2:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/map:423:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/__tree:16:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/memory:597:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:145:55: error: expected ')'
foo.cpp:1:13: note: expanded from macro 'std'
#define std +
            ^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:145:54: note: to match this '('
inline _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void* operator new  (std::size_t, void* __p) _NOEXCEPT {return __p;}
                                                     ^
Stack dump:
0.  Program arguments: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang -cc1 -triple x86_64-apple-macosx10.9.0 -emit-obj -mrelax-all -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -main-file-name foo.cpp -mrelocation-model pic -pic-level 2 -mdisable-fp-elim -masm-verbose -munwind-tables -target-cpu core2 -target-linker-version 236.3 -resource-dir /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/clang/5.1 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk -stdlib=libc++ -fdeprecated-macro -fdebug-compilation-dir /tmp -ferror-limit -1 -fmessage-length 203 -stack-protector 1 -mstackrealign -fblocks -fobjc-runtime=macosx-10.9.0 -fencode-extended-block-signature -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -vectorize-slp -o /var/folders/gf/l1sssgds0b30z21wn2n4p3rm0000gr/T/foo-19eda8.o -x c++ foo.cpp 
1.  /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1/new:145:89: current parser token '{'
clang: error: unable to execute command: Segmentation fault: 11
clang: error: clang frontend command failed due to signal (use -v to see invocation)
Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.40) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.2.0
Thread model: posix
clang: note: diagnostic msg: PLEASE submit a bug report to http://developer.apple.com/bugreporter/ and include the crash backtrace, preprocessed source, and associated run script.
clang: error: unable to execute command: Segmentation fault: 11
clang: note: diagnostic msg: Error generating preprocessed source(s).

456 baris kesalahan, 50 kesalahan, dan segfault kompiler !

Versi dentang:

Apple LLVM version 5.1 (clang-503.0.40) (based on LLVM 3.4svn)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin13.2.0
Thread model: posix
nneonneo
sumber
4
apakah Anda mengirim laporan bug untuk segfault itu?
tbodt
Dengan versi LLVM saya saat ini (Apple LLVM versi 8.0.0 (dentang-800.0.42.1)), saya tidak lagi mendapatkan segfault. Tidak yakin apakah saya masih harus menyerahkan apa pun - ragu bahwa pengelola LLVM akan peduli dengan bug lama.
nneonneo
10

Saya sengaja menemukan ini: 

#include<functional>
#include<algorithm>
#include<array>
#include<stdexcept>


int main(int argc,char** argv){
    std::array<double, 3> arr;

    arr[0] = 0; arr[1] = 1; arr[2] = 1;

    if (std::any_of(arr.begin(), arr.end(),
                    std::bind(std::less_equal<double>(), std::placeholders::_2, 0))){
        throw std::invalid_argument("Geometry with bin width less or equal to zero");
    }
}

Pada c ++ x11 itu menghasilkan 44kb pesan kesalahan, di mana kompiler mencoba mengatakan: Silakan tentukan placeholder untuk argumen pertama jika Anda mendefinisikannya untuk yang kedua.

Lihat di ideone .

jb.
sumber
6
Saya takut membuat kesalahan ketik dalam program C ++ yang menggunakan STL ...
Mark Lakata
Memberi +1 untuk jawaban yang merupakan contoh kehidupan nyata yang sebenarnya.
Jerry Jeremiah
10

C ++

Berdasarkan solusi BЈовић:

File: golf.cpp:

#include "golf.cpp"
#include "golf.cpp"

Menjalankan ini di bawah G ++ tidak akan selesai, namun, saya telah menghitung panjang kesalahan yang pada akhirnya akan memancarkan sekitar 85 * 2 ^ 140 terabyte.

Tim
sumber
9

C ++ 11 templat variadik (69 karakter)

template<int... p>
void f()
{
    return f<0,p...>();
}

int main() {
    f();
}

Mengkonfigurasi kedalaman instan templat maksimum, Anda dapat mengatur panjang kesalahan. Berikut adalah contoh menggunakan GCC 4.8.1 dengan kedalaman templat default (900):

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}] 'kembali f <0, p ...> (); ^ prog.cpp: 4: 22: diperlukan secara rekursif dari 'void f () [dengan int ... p = {0}]' prog.cpp: 4: 22: diperlukan dari 'void f () [dengan int .. .p = {}] 'prog.cpp: 8: 4: diperlukan dari sini 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}] 'return f <0, p ...> () ; ^ prog.cpp: 4: 22: diperlukan secara rekursif dari 'void f () [dengan int ... p = {0}]' prog.cpp: 4: 22: diperlukan dari 'void f () [dengan int .. .p = {}] 'prog.cpp: 8: 4: diperlukan dari sini 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}] 'return f <0, p ...> () ; ^ prog.cpp: 4: 22: diperlukan secara rekursif dari 'void f () [dengan int ... p = {0}]' prog.cpp: 4: 22: diperlukan dari 'void f () [dengan int .. .p = {}] 'prog.cpp: 8: 4: diperlukan dari sini

prog.cpp: 4: 22: error: tidak ada fungsi yang cocok untuk panggilan ke 'f ()' prog.cpp: 4: 22: note: kandidat adalah: prog.cpp: 2: 6: note: template void f () void f () ^ prog.cpp: 2: 6: note: substitusi argumen templat yang disimpulkan menghasilkan kesalahan yang terlihat di atas prog.cpp: 4: 22: error: pernyataan-kembali dengan suatu nilai, dalam fungsi mengembalikan 'void' [-fpermissive ] mengembalikan f <0, p ...> (); ^

Anda juga dapat menambahkan sepuluh karakter lagi dan menggunakan underflow integer yang tidak ditandatangani untuk menambah panjang kesalahan:

template<unsigned int... p>
void f()
{
    return f<0-1,p...>();
}

int main() {
    f();
}

4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u, 4294967295u}]' kembali f <0-1, p ...> (); ^ prog.cpp: 4: 24: diperlukan secara rekursif dari 'void f () [dengan int unsigned ... p = {4294967295u}]' prog.cpp: 4: 24:
diperlukan dari 'void f () [dengan int unsigned ... p = {}]' prog.cpp: 8: 4:
diperlukan dari sini

prog.cpp: 4: 24: error: tidak ada fungsi yang cocok untuk panggilan ke 'f ()' prog.cpp: 4: 24: note: kandidat adalah: prog.cpp: 2: 6: note: template void f () void f () ^ prog.cpp: 2: 6: note: substitusi argumen templat yang disimpulkan menghasilkan kesalahan yang terlihat di atas prog.cpp: 4: 24: error: pernyataan-kembali dengan nilai, dalam fungsi mengembalikan 'void' [-fpermissive ] mengembalikan f <0-1, p ...> ();

                  ^

Berikut ini contoh menjalankan ideone.

Manu343726
sumber
6

82 byte: Yang ini bekerja mirip dengan pendekatan Joey Adams , tetapi pesan kesalahan akan tumbuh secara eksponensial sehubungan dengan -ftemplate-depth(karena std::set<T>sebenarnya std::set<T, std::less<T>, std::allocator<T>>).

Sebab (x = -ftemplate-depth) >= 28, akan ada 1460 × 3 x-27 + 269x - 5381 byte pesan kesalahan (dikompilasi oleh gcc 7.2.0). Artinya, dalam pengaturan default (x = 900), itu akan menampilkan sekitar 4,9 × 10 419 byte pesan kesalahan secara teoritis.

Perhatikan bahwa tanpa returnpernyataan, pesan kesalahan hanya akan dihasilkan pada akhir kompilasi. (jadi dalam pengaturan default Anda tidak akan mendapatkan pesan - Anda akan kehabisan memori lebih dulu.)

Peringatan: Mengkompilasi program ini akan menghabiskan banyak memori.

#include<set>
template<class T>T f(T a){return f(std::set<T>());}int main(){f(0);}

Cobalah online!

Colera Su
sumber
Menggunakan maptampaknya ketat lebih jahat, karena std::map<T,T>ini std::map<T,T,std::less<T>,std::allocator<std::pair<T,T>>>sehingga Anda mendapatkan rekursi 5 arah bukan 3, karena hanya 2 byte.
nneonneo
Juga, diverifikasi pada LLVM versi 10.0.0 (dentang-1000.11.45.5), tanpa bendera tambahan. Menghasilkan 148.379 byte pada -ftemplate-depth=13, 423.572 byte pada -ftemplate-depth=14, dan 1.247.322 byte pada -ftemplate-depth=15. mapvarian menghasilkan 13.373.990 byte pada kedalaman 14 dan 66.759.871 byte pada kedalaman 15.
nneonneo
Egads, default pada Dentang adalah -ftemplate-depth=1024, yang berarti suatu tempat di utara 10 ^ 713 byte dengan mapvarian. Saya percaya ini berarti Anda menang ...
nneonneo
4

Ini menghasilkan keluaran tanpa batas pada GCC 5.2 dan Dentang 3.6 (pada Dentang membutuhkan -ferror-limit=0, pada GCC berfungsi dengan pengaturan default):

#include __FILE__
#include __FILE__
Alexander Shishenko
sumber
2

File bernama a.cpp. Kode:

main(){
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
#include "a.cpp"
}

Ini adalah bom fork dengan n = 40.

elipszilon
sumber
0
  • 50 byte: Hasil akan menjadi jumlah dari panjang semua angka positif dengan satu pesan kesalahan:

=> 

#include<utility>
std::make_index_sequence<-1>::x;
  • 174 byte: ledakan kuadratik dengan beberapa pesan kesalahan:

=> 

#include<utility>
template<size_t N, size_t... M>
void a(std::index_sequence<N, M...>) {
  a(std::index_sequence<M...>{});
  static_assert(!N);
}
auto x{a(std::make_index_sequence<C>{})};

kompilasi dengan

g++ -c truc.cpp -std=c++17 -DC=10 2>&1 > /dev/null | wc -c

index_afterence tampaknya mem-bypass masalah batas kedalaman instantiation template

  • untuk C = 10: 8238 karakter
  • untuk C = 100: 264288 karakter
  • untuk C = 1000: 23118522 karakter

kesalahan terlihat seperti ini: seluruh 0 ... C-1 urutan angka sepertinya dicetak 4 * C kali

truc.cpp:7:6: error: « void x » a un type incomplet
 auto x{a(std::make_index_sequence<C>{})};
      ^
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
   static_assert(!N);
   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 2; long unsigned int ...M = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 3; long unsigned int ...M = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 4; long unsigned int ...M = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 5; long unsigned int ...M = {6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>  » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 6; long unsigned int ...M = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 7; long unsigned int ...M = {8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 8; long unsigned int ...M = {9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 9; long unsigned int ...M = {10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 10; long unsigned int ...M = {11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 11; long unsigned int ...M = {12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 11, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 12; long unsigned int ...M = {13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 12, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 13; long unsigned int ...M = {14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 13, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
truc.cpp: Dans l'instanciation de « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 14; long unsigned int ...M = {}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 14>] » :
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:4:4:   requis par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 0; long unsigned int ...M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14>] »
truc.cpp:7:39:   requis depuis ici
truc.cpp:4:4: error: pas de fonction correspondant à l'appel « a(std::index_sequence<>) »
   a(std::index_sequence<M...>{});
   ~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
truc.cpp:3:6: note: candidate: template<long unsigned int N, long unsigned int ...M> void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>)
 void a(std::index_sequence<N, M...>) {
      ^
truc.cpp:3:6: note:   la déduction/substitution de l'argument du patron a échoué:
truc.cpp:4:4: note:   le candidat attend 2 arguments, 0 fourni(s)
   a(std::index_sequence<M...>{});
   ~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
truc.cpp:5:3: error: l'assertion statique a échoué
   static_assert(!N);
   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
[1]    11052 exit 1     g++ -c -O3 truc.cpp -std=c++17 -DC=15

dan urutan angka dapat melewati batas kedalaman instantiasi template default, tentu saja karena itu adalah builtin: 

... requis récursivement par « void a(std::index_sequence<N, M ...>) [avec long unsigned int N = 1; long unsigned int ...M = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 675, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699, 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765, 766, 767, 768, 769, 770, 771, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 778, 779, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784, 785, 786, 787, 788, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, 794, 795, 796, 797, 798, 799, 800, 801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819, 820, 821, 822, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827, 828, 829, 830, 831, 832, 833, 834, 835, 836, 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 843, 844, 845, 846, 847, 848, 849, 850, 851, 852, 853, 854, 855, 856, 857, 858, 859, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 867, 868, 869, 870, 871, 872, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 879, 880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888, 889, 890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, 911, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918, 919, 920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 927, 928, 929, 930, 931, 932, 933, 934, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939, 940, 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948, 949, 950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959, 960, 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, 966, 967, 968, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, 988, 989, 990, 991, 992, 993, 994, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021, 1022, 1023, 1024, 1025, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1036, 1037, 1038, 1039, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1062, 1063, 1064, 1065, 1066, 1067, 1068, 1069, 1070, 1071, 1072, 1073, 1074, 1075, 1076, 1077, 1078, 1079, 1080, 1081, 1082, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1086, 1087, 1088, 1089, 1090, 1091, 1092, 1093, 1094, 1095, 1096, 1097, 1098, 1099, 1100, 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105, 1106, 1107, 1108, 1109, 1110, 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115, 1116, 1117, 1118, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1128, 1129, 1130, 1131, 1132, 1133, 1134, 1135, 1136, 1137, 1138, 1139, 1140, 1141, 1142, 1143, 1144, 1145, 1146, 1147, 1148, 1149, 1150, 1151, 1152, 1153, 1154, 1155, 1156, 1157, 1158, 1159, 1160, 1161, 1162, 1163, 1164, 1165, 1166, 1167, 1168, 1169, 1170, 1171, 1172, 1173, 1174, 1175, 1176, 1177, 1178, 1179, 1180, 1181, 1182, 1183, 1184, 1185, 1186, 1187, 1188, 1189, 1190, 1191, 1192, 1193, 1194, 1195, 1196, 1197, 1198, 1199, 1200, 1201, 1202, 1203, 1204, 1205, 1206, 1207, 1208, 1209, 1210, 1211, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1215, 1216, 1217, 1218, 1219, 1220, 1221, 1222, 1223, 1224, 1225, 1226, 1227, 1228, 1229, 1230, 1231, 1232, 1233, 1234, 1235, 1236, 1237, 1238, 1239, 1240, 1241, 1242, 1243, 1244, 1245, 1246, 1247, 1248, 1249, 1250, 1251, 1252, 1253, 1254, 1255, 1256, 1257, 1258, 1259, 1260, 1261, 1262, 1263, 1264, 1265, 1266, 1267, 1268, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1272, 1273, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1277, 1278, 1279, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1283, 1284, 1285, 1286, 1287, 1288, 1289, 1290, 1291, 1292, 1293, 1294, 1295, 1296, 1297, 1298, 1299, 1300, 1301, 1302, 1303, 1304, 1305, 1306, 1307, 1308, 1309, 1310, 1311, 1312, 1313, 1314, 1315, 1316, 1317, 1318, 1319, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1323, 1324, 1325, 1326, 1327, 1328, 1329, 1330, 1331, 1332, 1333, 1334, 1335, 1336, 1337, 1338, 1339, 1340, 1341, 1342, 1343, 1344, 1345, 1346, 1347, 1348, 1349, 1350, 1351, 1352, 1353, 1354, 1355, 1356, 1357, 1358, 1359, 1360, 1361, 1362, 1363, 1364, 1365, 1366, 1367, 1368, 1369, 1370, 1371, 1372, 1373, 1374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1380, 1381, 1382, 1383, 1384, 1385, 1386, 1387, 1388, 1389, 1390, 1391, 1392, 1393, 1394, 1395, 1396, 1397, 1398, 1399, 1400, 1401, 1402, 1403, 1404, 1405, 1406, 1407, 1408, 1409, 1410, 1411, 1412, 1413, 1414, 1415, 1416, 1417, 1418, 1419, 1420, 1421, 1422, 1423, 1424, 1425, 1426, 1427, 1428, 1429, 1430, 1431, 1432, 1433, 1434, 1435, 1436, 1437, 1438, 1439, 1440, 1441, 1442, 1443, 1444, 1445, 1446, 1447, 1448, 1449, 1450, 1451, 1452, 1453, 1454, 1455, 1456, 1457, 1458, 1459, 1460, 1461, 1462, 1463, 1464, 1465, 1466, 1467, 1468, 1469, 1470, 1471, 1472, 1473, 1474, 1475, 1476, 1477, 1478, 1479, 1480, 1481, 1482, 1483, 1484, 1485, 1486, 1487, 1488, 1489, 1490, 1491, 1492, 1493, 1494, 1495, 1496, 1497, 1498, 1499}; std::index_sequence<N, M ...> = std::integer_sequence<long unsigned int, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 675, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699, 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765, 766, 767, 768, 769, 770, 771, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 778, 779, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784, 785, 786, 787, 788, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, 794, 795, 796, 797, 798, 799, 800, 801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819, 820, 821, 822, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827, 828, 829, 830, 831, 832, 833, 834, 835, 836, 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 843, 844, 845, 846, 847, 848, 849, 850, 851, 852, 853, 854, 855, 856, 857, 858, 859, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 867, 868, 869, 870, 871, 872, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 879, 880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888, 889, 890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, 911, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918, 919, 920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 927, 928, 929, 930, 931, 932, 933, 934, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939, 940, 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948, 949, 950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959, 960, 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, 966, 967, 968, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, 988, 989, 990, 991, 992, 993, 994, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021, 1022, 1023, 1024, 1025, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1036, 1037, 1038, 1039, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1062, 1063, 1064, 1065, 1066, 1067, 1068, 1069, 1070, 1071, 1072, 1073, 1074, 1075, 1076, 1077, 1078, 1079, 1080, 1081, 1082, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1086, 1087, 1088, 1089, 1090, 1091, 1092, 1093, 1094, 1095, 1096, 1097, 1098, 1099, 1100, 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105, 1106, 1107, 1108, 1109, 1110, 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115, 1116, 1117, 1118, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1128, 1129, 1130, 1131, 1132, 1133, 1134, 1135, 1136, 1137, 1138, 1139, 1140, 1141, 1142, 1143, 1144, 1145, 1146, 1147, 1148, 1149, 1150, 1151, 1152, 1153, 1154, 1155, 1156, 1157, 1158, 1159, 1160, 1161, 1162, 1163, 1164, 1165, 1166, 1167, 1168, 1169, 1170, 1171, 1172, 1173, 1174, 1175, 1176, 1177, 1178, 1179, 1180, 1181, 1182, 1183, 1184, 1185, 1186, 1187, 1188, 1189, 1190, 1191, 1192, 1193, 1194, 1195, 1196, 1197, 1198, 1199, 1200, 1201, 1202, 1203, 1204, 1205, 1206, 1207, 1208, 1209, 1210, 1211, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1215, 1216, 1217, 1218, 1219, 1220, 1221, 1222, 1223, 1224, 1225, 1226, 1227, 1228, 1229, 1230, 1231, 1232, 1233, 1234, 1235, 1236, 1237, 1238, 1239, 1240, 1241, 1242, 1243, 1244, 1245, 1246, 1247, 1248, 1249, 1250, 1251, 1252, 1253, 1254, 1255, 1256, 1257, 1258, 1259, 1260, 1261, 1262, 1263, 1264, 1265, 1266, 1267, 1268, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1272, 1273, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1277, 1278, 1279, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1283, 1284, 1285, 1286, 1287, 1288, 1289, 1290, 1291, 1292, 1293, 1294, 1295, 1296, 1297, 1298, 1299, 1300, 1301, 1302, 1303, 1304, 1305, 1306, 1307, 1308, 1309, 1310, 1311, 1312, 1313, 1314, 1315, 1316, 1317, 1318, 1319, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1323, 1324, 1325, 1326, 1327, 1328, 1329, 1330, 1331, 1332, 1333, 1334, 1335, 1336, 1337, 1338, 1339, 1340, 1341, 1342, 1343, 1344, 1345, 1346, 1347, 1348, 1349, 1350, 1351, 1352, 1353, 1354, 1355, 1356, 1357, 1358, 1359, 1360, 1361, 1362, 1363, 1364, 1365, 1366, 1367, 1368, 1369, 1370, 1371, 1372, 1373, 1374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1380, 1381, 1382, 1383, 1384, 1385, 1386, 1387, 1388, 1389, 1390, 1391, 1392, 1393, 1394, 1395, 1396, 1397, 1398, 1399, 1400, 1401, 1402, 1403, 1404, 1405, 1406, 1407, 1408, 1409, 1410, 1411, 1412, 1413, 1414, 1415, 1416, 1417, 1418, 1419, 1420, 1421, 1422, 1423, 1424, 1425, 1426, 1427, 1428, 1429, 1430, 1431, 1432, 1433, 1434, 1435, 1436, 1437, 1438, 1439, 1440, 1441, 1442, 1443, 1444, 1445, 1446, 1447, 1448, 1449, 1450, 1451, 1452, 1453, 1454, 1455, 1456, 1457, 1458, 1459, 1460, 1461, 1462, 1463, 1464, 1465, 1466, 1467, 1468, 1469, 1470, 1471, 1472, 1473, 1474, 1475, 1476, 1477, 1478, 1479, 1480, 1481, 1482, 1483, 1484, 1485, 1486, 1487, 1488, 1489, 1490, 1491, 1492, 1493, 1494, 1495, 1496, 1497, 1498, 1499>
Jean-Michaël Celerier
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